The Ancient Ophidian Iconography Resource (Mundus Vetus, 3000 BC - 650 AD)
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● Batto, Bernard Frank 1992 Slaying the Dragon: Mythmaking in the Biblical Tradition.   Louisville Westminster/ John Knox Press ● Charlesworth, James Hamilton 2010 The Good and Evil Serpent: How a Universal Symbol Became Christianized.   New Haven Yale University Press ● Day, John 1985 God's Conflict with the Dragon and the Sea: Echoes of a Canaanite Myth in the Old Testament.   Cambridge Cambridge University Press ● de Visser, Marinus Willem 1913 The Dragon in China and Japan.   Amsterdam Johannes Müller ● Fontenrose, Joseph 1959 Python: A Study of the Delphic Myth and Its Origins.   Berkeley University of California Press ● Huxley, Francis 1979 The Dragon: Nature of Spirit, Spirit of Nature.   London Thames & Hudson ● Joines, Karen Randolph 1974 Serpent Symbolism in the Old Testament: A Linguistic, Archaeological, and Literary Study.   Haddonfield Haddonfield House ● Mitropoulou, Elpis 1977 Deities and Heroes in the Form of Snakes.   Athens Pyli Editions ● Morgan, Diane 2008 Snakes in Myth, Magic, and History: The Story of a Human Obsession.   Santa Barbara ABC-CLIO ● Mundkur, Balaji 1983 The Cult of the Serpent: An Interdisciplinary Survey of Its Manifestations and Origins.   Albany State University of New York Press ● Ogden, Daniel 2013 Dragons, Serpents and Slayers in the Classical and Early Christian Worlds. A Sourcebook.   Oxford Oxford University Press ● Same Author 2013 Drakon: Dragon Myth and Serpent Cult in the Greek and Roman Worlds.   Oxford Oxford University Press ● Vogel, Jean Philippe 1926 Indian Serpent-Lore, or the Nagas in Hindu Legend and Art.   London Arthur Probsthain ● Watkins, Calvert 1995 How to Kill a Dragon: Aspects of Indo-European Poetics.   New York Oxford University Press ● Wilson, Leslie Simon 2001 The Serpent Symbol in the Ancient Near East: Nahash and Asherah: Death, Life, and Healing.   Lanham University Press of America

Table 002. A selection of influential works on ancient ophidian mythology, symbolism, and iconography in various cultural contexts. This very concise list of literature is supplemented by other important publications in broader fields of research, including comprehensive reference works on various (i.e., not only ophiomorphic) mythological creatures; studies examining the cultural evolution of divine-human-animal relations in general; essays on particular narratives, personages, and attributes; and more general reference works on iconography, symbolism, and mythology. Some of the sources listed are of a theoretical, universal, or comparative nature; the others are focused on culturally, historically, or geographically specific contexts. HIS SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY is part of a broader reference database created by Alexei Alexeev for his research on the genesis of ophidian symbolism and iconography in the context of Early Jewish and Early Christian apocalyptic imagination. The inventory includes works of various degrees of merit: from seminal academic masterpieces, marked by rigorous scholarship, profound insights, and extensive scope, to works providing valuable information and posing important questions but sometimes failing to provide convincing answers, and to semi-professional essays more valuable for their passionate treatment of the subject than for any serious expertise or scholarly impartiality. Some works are included purely for their recognized antiquarian qualities and serve as a demonstration of the chronological and geographical span of the tradition in this field of research.

⯅ Seminal Works ⯆ Comparative & General Studies ⯆ Greco-Roman World ⯆ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯆ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯆ Egypt ⯆ Biblical Tradition ⯆ Arabia & Early Islam ⯆ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯆ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯆ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯆ China, Korea & Japan « ● COMPARATIVE & GENERAL STUDIES ● » Aymar, Brandt 1956 Treasury of Snake Lore, from the Garden of Eden to Sna-kes of Today, in Mythology, Fable, Stories, Essays, Poetry, Drama, Religion, and Personal Adventures.   New York Greenberg Barber, Richard William and Anne Riches 2000 A Dictionary of Fabulous Beasts.   Woodbridge Boydell Press Bastian, A. 1869 Das Thier in seiner mythologischen Bedeutung.   Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, Volume 1, 1869, pp. 45-66 Bender, Cora, Thomas Hensel, and Erhard Schüttpelz, eds. 2012 Schlangenritual: Der Transfer der Wissensformen vom Tsu'ti'kive der Hopi bis zu Aby Warburgs Kreuzlinger Vor-trag.   Berlin Akademie Verlag Blust, Robert 2000 The Origin of Dragons.   Anthropos, Volume 95, Number 2, 2000, pp. 519-536 Bölsche, Wilhelm 1929 Drachen: Sage und Naturwissenschaft. Eine volkstümliche Darstellung.   Stuttgart Kosmos & Franckh'sche Verlagschandlung Boraas, Roger S. 1978 Of Serpents and Gods.   Dialog, Volume 17, 1978, pp. 273-279 Boulay, Rene Andrew 1999 Flying Serpents and Dragons: The Story of Mankind's Reptilian Past.   Escondido The Book Tree Burkolter-Trachsel, Max 1981 Der Drache: Das Symbol und der Mensch.   Bern Verlag Paul Haupt Camerarius, Joachim 1604 Symbolorum et Emblematum ex Aquatilibus et Rep-tilibus Desumptorum. Centuria Quarta.   Heidelberg (?) Ernst Vögelin (?) Cherry, John 1995 Mythical Beasts.   London British Museum Press Clarke, Hyde and Charles Staniland Wake 1876 Serpent and Siva Worship and Mythology in Central America, Africa, and Asia and the Origin of Serpent Wor-ship.   London Trübner & Company Cooper, Jean Campbell 1992 Symbolic and Mythological Animals.   London Aquarian Davis, Varina Anne 1888 Serpent Myths.   The North American Review, Volume 146, Number 375, February 1888, pp. 161-171 de Gubernatis, Angelo 1872 Zoological Mythology or The Legends of Animals. Volu-mes I-II.   London Trübner & Company de Souza, J.P. 1964 The Serpent as a Symbol of Life and Immortality.   Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, Volume 26, Part 1, 1964, pp. 99-108 Deane, John Bathurst 1830 The Worship of the Serpent Traced throughout the World, and Its Traditions Referred to the Events in Paradise: Proving the Temptation and Fall of Man by the Instrumen-tality of a Serpent Tempter.   London J. Hatchard & Son Delacampagne, Ariane and Christian Delacampagne 2003 Here Be Dragons: A Fantastic Bestiary.   Princeton Princeton University Press Dexter, Miriam Robbins 2010 The Ferocious and the Erotic: "Beautiful" Medusa and the Neolithic Bird and Snake. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3].   Journal of Feminist Studies in Reli-gion, Volume 26, Number 1, Spring 2010, pp. 25-41 Dobkin de Rios, Marlene 1977 On the Serpent Cult and Psychoactive Plants.   Current Anthropology, Volume 18, Number 3, September 1977, pp. 556-558 Eason, Cassandra 2008 Fabulous Creatures, Mythical Monsters, and Animal Power Symbols: A Handbook.   Westport Greenwood Press Egli, Hans G. 1982 Das Schlangensymbol: Geschichte, Märchen, Mythos.   Olten Walter Verlag Fischle, Willy H. 1983 Das Geheimnis der Schlange: Deutung eines Symbols.   Stuttgart Adolf Bonz Verlag Fritsche, Herbert 1979 Die Erhönung der Schlange: Mysterium, Menschenbild und Mirakel der Homöopathie.   Göttingen Ulrich Burgdorf Verlag Ghazal, Eluan 1995 Schlangenkult und Tempelliebe: Sakrale Erotik in ar-chaischen Gesellschaften.   Berlin Simon & Leutner Verlag Gilhus, Ingvild Saelid 2006 Animals, Gods and Humans: Changing Attitudes to Ani-mals in Greek, Roman and Early Christian Thought.   Abingdon Routledge Gilmore, David D. 2003 Monsters: Evil Beings, Mythical Beasts, and All Manner of Imaginary Terrors.   Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press Golowin, Sergius 1994 Drache, Einhorn, Oster-Hase und anderes phantas-tisches Getier.   Basel Sphinx Verlag Gould, Charles 1886 Mythical Monsters.   London W.H. Allen & Company Henderson, Joseph Lewis and Maud Oakes 1963 The Wisdom of the Serpent: The Myths of Death, Re-birth, and Resurrection.   New York George Braziller Hornblower, G.D. 1933 Early Dragon-Forms.   Man, Volume 33, May 1933, pp. 79-87 Howey, M. Oldfield 1926 The Encircled Serpent: A Study of Serpent Symbolism in All Countries and Ages.   London William Rider & Son Hulme, F. Edward 1877 The Use of Animal Forms in Ornamental Art. Chap-ters I-VI. [Especially: Figures 1, 5, 8, 11, 12, 13, 36, 47, 50, 53, 55, 59, 60, 62, 63, 66].   The Art Journal (1875-1887), New Se-ries, Volume 3, 1877, pp. 46-48, 109-111, 183-185, 269-271, 334-336, 375-377 Ingersoll, Ernest 1928 Dragons and Dragon-Lore.   New York Payson & Clarke Johnson, Buffie 1988 Lady of the Beasts: Ancient Images of the Goddess and Her Sacred Animals.   San Fran- cisco HarperSanFrancisco Jones, David E. 2000 An Instinct for Dragons.   London Routledge Kalof, Linda and Brigitte Resl, eds. 2007 A Cultural History of Animals. Volume I: Antiquity (2500 BC - 1000 AD); Volume II: Medieval Age (1000-1400); Volume III: Renaissance (1400-600); Volume IV: Age of Enlightenment (1600-1800); Volume V: Age of Empire (1800-1920); Volume VI: Modern Age (1920-2000).   Berg Oxford Keller, Otto 1913 Die antike Tierwelt: Vögel, Reptilien, Fische, Insekten, Spinnentiere, Tausendfüssler, Krebstiere, Würmer, Weich-tiere, Stachelhäuter, Schlauchtiere. Volumes I-II.   Leipzig Wilhelm Engelmann Kessler, Dieter 1989 Die Heiligen Tiere und der König: Beiträge zu Organi-sation, Kult und Theologie der spätzeitlichen Tierfriedhöfe.   Wiesbaden Harrassowitz Verlag Klingender, Francis Donald 1971 Animals in Art and Thought to the End of the Middle Ages.   London Routledge & Kegan Paul König, Karl 1967 Bruder Tier: Mensch und Tier in Mythos und Evolution.   Stuttgart Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag Kramp, Willy 1970 Protest der Schlange: Signale zum Umdenken.   Freiburg Verlag Kreuz Layton, Robert 1984 Snakes and Dragons.   Man, Volume 19, Number 1, March 1984, pp. 150-157 Leonhard, Karin 2011 Painted Poison: Venomous Beasts, Herbs, Gems, and Ba-roque Colour Theory. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15].   Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaar-boek (NKJ)/Netherlands Yearbook for History of Art, Volume 61, Art and Science in the Early Modern Netherlands/Kunst en wetenschap in de vroegmoderne Nederlanden, 2011, pp. 114-147 Lins, Heinz Maria 1990 Tiere in der Mythologie und ihre religiöse Symbolkraft.   Frankfurt am Main S. Fischer Verlag Lippincott, Louise W. 1981 The Unnatural History of Dragons. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 (and the colour plate), 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (and the colour plate), 15, 16, 17, 18].   Philadelphia Museum of Art Bulletin, Volume 77, Number 334, Winter 1981, pp. 3-24 Lum, Peter 1951 Fabulous Beasts.   New York Pantheon Books Lurker, Manfred 1983 Adler und Schlange: Tiersymbolik im Glauben und Welt-bild der Völker.   Tübingen Rainer Wunderlich Verlag Maehly, J. 1867 Die Schlange im Mythos und Cultus der klassischen Völker.   Basel Buchdruckerei von C. Schultze Maringer, Johannes 1977 Die Schlange in Kunst und Kult der vorgeschichtlichen Menschen. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8].   Anthropos, Volume 72, Number 5/6, 1977, pp. 881-920 Marshack, Alexander 1985 On the Dangers of Serpents in the Mind. [Especially: Figure 1].   Current Anthropology, Volume 26, Number 1, February 1985, pp. 139-145 Same Author 1985 More on Serpents in the Mind. [Especially: Figure 1].   Current Anthropology, Volume 26, Number 4, August-October 1985, pp. 537-539 Mertz, Bernd A. 1997 Dein archetypisches Tier: Von Katzen, Käuzen und ande-ren Menschen.   Kreuzlingen Ariston Verlag Mode, Heinz Adolf 1975 Fabulous Beasts and Demons.   London Phaidon Press Mundkur, Balaji 1976 The Cult of the Serpent in the Americas: Its Asian Background; Reply. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]. Comments by Bolton, Ralph (p. 441); Borden, Charles E. (pp. 441-442); Hultkranz, Åke (p. 442); Kaneko, Erika (p. 443); Kelley, David H. (p. 443); Kornfield, William J. (pp. 443-444); McGee, Harold Franklin (pp. 444-445); Onuki, Yoshio (p. 445); Schubert, Mary (p. 445); Tu Er-wei, John (pp. 445-446).   Current Anthropology, Volume 17, Number 3, September 1976, pp. 429-441, 446-455 Same Author 1978 The Alleged Diffusion of Hindu Divine Symbols into Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica: A Critique; Reply. [Espe-cially: Figures 2, 3, 5, 8, 9]. Comments by Agogino, George (p. 568); Barthel, Thomas S. (pp. 568-569); Baudez, Claude F. (p. 569); Bond, Margaret N. (pp. 569-570); Brockington, Donald L. (p. 570); Broda, Johanna (p. 570); Coe, Michael D. (p. 571); Cohodas, Marvin (p. 571); Epstein, Jeremiah F. (pp. 571-572); González, Yólotl (p. 572); Henderson, John S. (pp. 572-573); Jairazbhoy, R.A. (p. 573); Kelley, David H. (pp. 573-574); Paddock, John (p. 574); Paulsen, Allison C. (pp. 574-575); Stewart, J.D. (p. 575).   Current Anthropology, Volume 19, Number 3, September 1978, pp. 541-568, 575-583 Same Author 1978 The Roots of Ophidian Symbolism.   Ethos, Volume 6, Number 3, Autumn 1978, pp. 125-158 Same Author 1984 The Bicephalous "Animal Style" in Northern Eurasian Religious Art and Its Western Hemispheric Analogues; Re-ply. [Especially: Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 30, 31, 33, 35, 36, 38, 41, 42, 44, 55, 66, 67, 68, 70]. Comments by Bandi, H.-G. (p. 474); Jett, Stephen C. (pp. 474-475); Kubler, George (p. 475); Murray, William Breen (pp. 475-476); Wicke, Charles R. (p. 476).   Current Anthropology, Volume 25, Number 4, August-October 1984, pp. 451-474, 476-482 Same Author 1985 Reply. (To Marshack, Alexander, On the Dangers of Ser-pents in the Mind, pp. 139-145). [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3].   Current Anthropology, Volume 26, Number 1, February 1985, pp. 145-152 Nigg, Joseph 1995 Wonder Beasts: Tales and Lore of the Phoenix, the Griffin, the Unicorn, and the Dragon.   Englewood Libraries Unlimited Nigg, Joseph, ed. 1999 The Book of Fabulous Beasts: A Treasury of Writings from Ancient Times to Present.   New York Oxford University Press Niles, Douglas 2013 Dragons: The Myths, Legends, & Lore.   Avon Adams Media Nissenson, Marilyn and Susan Jonas 1995 Snake Charm.   New York Harry N. Abrams Oldham, Charles Frederick 1905 The Sun and the Serpent: A Contribution to the History of Serpent-Worship.   London Archibald Constable & Company Oliver, James Arthur 1958 Snakes in Fact and Fiction.   New York The MacMillan Company Oudemans, Antoon Cornelis 1892 The Great Sea-Serpent: An Historical and Critical Trea-tise.   Leiden Brill Pâques, Viviana, ed. 1997 Serpents et dragons en Eurasie. Eurasie: Cahiers de la Société des Études Euro-Asiatiques, №7.   Paris L'Harmattan Paul-Stengel, Camilla 1996 Schlangenspuren: Reptilien und ihre Bedeutung in der Kulturgeschichte.   Königstein Ulrike Helmer Verlag Potter, Edwin S. 1937 Serpents in Symbolism, Art and Medicine: The Baby-lonian Caduceus and the Aesculapian Club.   Santa Barbara Privately Printed Privat, Jean-Marie, ed. 2000 Dans la gueule du dragon: Histoire - Éthnologie - Litté-rature.   Metz Éditions Pierron Ronecker, Jean-Paul 1994 Le symbolisme animal: Mythes, croyances, légendes, ar-chetypes, folklore, imaginaire.   Saint-Jean-de-Braye Éditions Dangles Rose, Carol 2001 Giants, Monsters and Dragons: An Encyclopedia of Folklore, Legend, and Myth.   New York W.W. Norton & Company Sälzle, Karl 1965 Tier und Mensch, Gottheit und Dämon: Das Tier in der Geistesgeschichte der Menschheit.   München Bayerischer Land-wirtschaftsverlag Samonà, Giuseppe A. 1991 Il sole, la terra, il serpente: Antichi miti di morte, inter-pretazioni moderne e problemi di comparazione storico-reli-giosa.   Rome Bulzoni Editore Sauer, Gert 1992 Traumbild Schlange: Von der Vereinigung der Gegen-sätze, Träume als Wegweiser.   Olten Walter Verlag Sax, Boria 1998 The Serpent and the Swan: The Animal Bride in Folklore and Literature.   Blacksburg McDonald & Woodward Publishing Company Same Author 2001 The Mythical Zoo: An Encyclopedia of Animals in World Myth, Legend, and Literature.   Santa Barbara ABC-CLIO Same Author 2013 Imaginary Animals: The Monstrous, the Wondrous and the Human.   London Reaktion Books Schechter, Harold 1988 The Bosom Serpent: Folklore and Popular Art.   Frankfurt am Main Peter Lang Schoebel, Charles 1876 Le mythe de la femme et du serpent: Étude sur les ori-gines d'une évolution psychologique primordiale.   Paris Maisonneuve & Cie, Libraires-Éditeurs Sellon, Edward (Often misattributed to Jennings, Hargraves) 1889 Ophiolatreia: An Account of the Rites and Mysteries Con-nected with the Origin, Rise, and Development of Serpent Worship in Various Parts of the World, Enriched with Interesting Traditions, and a Full Description of the Celebrated Serpent Mounds & Temples, the Whole Forming an Exposition of One of the Phases of Phallic, or Sex Worship.   Uncertain Privately Printed Senter, Phil, Uta Mattox, and Eid E. Haddad 2016 Snake to Monster: Conrad Gessner's Schlangenbuch and the Evolution of the Dragon in the Literature of Natural History. [Especially: Figures 2, 4].   Journal of Folklore Research, Volu-me 53, Number 1, January-April 2016, pp. 67-124 Shuker, Karl 1997 Drachen: Mythologie - Symbolik - Geschichte.   Augsburg Bechtermünz Verlag Slade, Benjamin 2008 How (Exactly) to Slay a Dragon in Indo-European? PIE *bheid-{h₃ég whim, k w ŕmi-}.   Historische Sprachforschung/Histo-rical Linguistics, Volume 121, 2008, pp. 3-53 South, Malcolm 1988 Mythical and Fabulous Creatures: A Sourcebook and Research Guide.   New York Peter Bedrick Books Spence, N.C.W. 2001 The Human Bestiary.   The Modern Language Review, Volu-me 96, Number 4, October 2001, pp. 913-930 St Clair, Geo 1905 The Subtle Serpent.   The Journal of Theological Studies, Volume 7, Number 25, October 1905, pp. 40-50 van der Sluijs, Marinus Anthony and Anthony L. Peratt 2009 The Ourobóros as an Auroral Phenomenon. [Especial-ly: Figure 1].   Journal of Folklore Research, Volu-me 46, Number 1, January-April 2009, pp. 3-41 Vinycomb, John 1906 Fictitious & Symbolic Creatures in Art with Special Re-ference to Their Use in British Heraldry.   London Chapman & Hall Volbach, W.F. 1942 Oriental Influences in the Animal Sculpture of Cam-pania. [Especially: Figures 20, 21, 24].   The Art Bulletin, Volume 24, Number 2, June 1942, pp. 172-180 Wake, Charles Staniland 1873 The Origin of Serpent-Worship.   The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ire-land, Volume 2, 1873, pp. 373-390 Waldau, Paul and Kimberley Patton, eds. 2006 A Communion of Subjects: Animals in Religion, Science, and Ethics.   New York Columbia University Press Warburg, Abraham Moritz 1939 A Lecture on Serpent Ritual. [Especially: Figures 44b, 44e, 47a, 47b, 47c, 47d, 47e, 47f].   Journal of the Warburg Institute, Volume 2, Number 4, April 1939, pp. 277-292 Same Author 1988 Das Schlangenritual: Ein Reisebericht. [Much-delayed publication of the famous lecture given on the 25th of April 1923 at the Sanatorium Bellevue in Kreuzlingen, Thurgau, Switzerland].   Berlin Verlag Klaus Wagenbach Same Author 1995 Images from the Region of the Pueblo Indians of North America. (Translated from the German with an in-terpretive essay by Michael P. Steinberg).   Ithaca Cornell University Press Weigel, Sigrid, Jeremy Gaines, and Rebecca Wallach 1995 Aby Warburg's Schlangenritual: Reading Culture and Reading Written Texts.   New German Critique, Number 65, Spring-Summer 1995, pp. 135-153 Weinreich, Spencer J. 2015 Thinking with Crocodiles: An Iconic Animal at the Inter-section of Early-Modern Religion and Natural Philosophy. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10].   Early Science and Medicine, Volume 20, Number 3, 2015, pp. 209-240 Werness, Hope B. 2006 Continuum Encyclopedia of Animal Symbolism in World Art.   New York Continuum International Williams, N.J.A. 1989 Of Beasts and Banners: The Origin of the Heraldic Enfield.   The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, Volume 119, 1989, pp. 62-78 Yahuda, Abraham Shalom 1939 The Symbolism and Worship of the Serpent.   Religions, Volume 26, 1939, pp. 16-29 Young, Bard 1996 The Snake of God: A Story of Memory and Imagination.   Montgomery Black Belt Press Zerling, Clemens H. 2003 Lexikon der Tiersymbolik: Mythologie, Religion, Psycho-logie.   München Kösel Verlag Zimniok, Klaus 1984 Die Schlange das unbekannte Wese: In der Kulturge-schichte, freien Natur und im Terrarium.   Hannover Landbuch Verlag ⯅ Seminal Works ⯅ Comparative & General Studies ⯆ Greco-Roman World ⯆ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯆ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯆ Egypt ⯆ Biblical Tradition ⯆ Arabia & Early Islam ⯆ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯆ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯆ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯆ China, Korea & Japan « ● GRECO-ROMAN WORLD ● » Anonymous 1924 The Caduceus of Mercury and the Staff of Aesculapius.   The British Medical Journal, Volume 1, Number 3305, 3 May 1924, p. 794 Ardito, Linda 1999 The Lyre and the Staff: Symbols of Magico-Medicinal Sound.   International Journal of Musicology, Volume 8, 1999, pp. 77-91 Aronen, Jaakko 1996 Dragon Cults and Νύμφη Δράκαινα in IGUR 974.   Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigra-phik, Volume 111, 1996, pp. 125-132 Bardes, Charles 2006 Caduceus.   Agni, Number 63, 2006, pp. 235-238 Barnsley, R.E. 1960 Rod and Serpent. [Especially: Figure 1].   The British Medical Journal, Volume 1, Number 5186, 28 May 1960, p. 1654 Barnsley, R.E. and M.R. Das Gupta 1960 Rod and Serpent.   The British Medical Journal, Volume 2, Number 5198, 20 August 1960, p. 607 Bassett, Sarah Guberti 1991 The Antiquities in the Hippodrome of Constantinople.   Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Volume 45, 1991, pp. 87-96 Bennett, Florence M. 1909 The So-Called Mourning Athena. [Especially: Figures 2, 3, 4, 6, 7].   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 13, Number 4, October-De-cember 1909, pp. 431-446 Bianchi Bandinelli, Ranuccio 1969 Rome. Le centre du pouvoir. L'art romain des origines à la fin du IIe siècle. (L'univers des formes. Tome XV). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1970].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Author 1970 Rome. La fin de l'art antique. L'art de l'empire romain de Septime Sévère à Théodose Iᵉʳ. (L'univers des formes. Tome XVII). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1971].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Author 1970 Rome: The Centre of Power. Roman Art to AD 200. (The Arts of Mankind. Volume XV). (1969, French; Translated by Peter Green). [Especially: Figures 6, 21, 51, 52, 93, 139, 209, 210, 211, 212, 220, 222, 236, 238, 247, 249, 256, 265, 273, 310, 311, 321, 331, 336, 337, 345, 352, 368, 372, 374].   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1971 Rome: The Late Empire. Roman Art AD 200-400. (The Arts of Mankind. Volume XVII). (1970, French; Translated by Peter Green). [Especially: Figures 1, 18, 30, 38, 41, 48, 54, 64, 77, 78, 80, 92, 94, 124, 131, 134, 136, 137, 161, 195, 210, 216, 217, 229, 239, 245, 259, 296, 320, 325, 326, 327].   London Thames & Hudson Bianchi Bandinelli, Ranuccio and Antonio Giuliano 1973 Les Étrusques et l'Italie avant Rome. De la protohis-toire à la guerre sociale. (L'Univers des Formes. Tome XXI).   Paris Éditions Gallimard Bieber, Margarete 1957 A Bronze Statuette in Cincinnati and Its Place in the History of the Asklepios Types. [Especially: Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 20, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34].   Proceedings of the American Philoso-phical Society, Volume 101, Number 1, 15 February 1957, pp. 70-92 Boardman, John 1974 Athenian Black Figure Vases. [Especially: Figures 5.2, 11.1, 11.2, 16.1, 16.2, 38, 39, 46.1, 46.5, 48, 53, 62, 63.2, 65.1, 65.2, 69, 80, 86, 87, 93, 96, 103, 121.2, 123.2, 145.1, 152, 155, 157, 161.1, 161.2, 162, 163.1, 163.2, 165, 166, 177.2, 179, 188, 190, 191, 192, 195, 199, 205, 206, 209, 213, 220, 223, 225, 226, 227, 228, 233, 238, 240, 245.2, 290.2, 296.1, 297, 301.2, 304.1]. London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1975 Athenian Red Figure Vases: The Archaic Period. [Es-pecially: Figures 3.2, 7, 10, 16, 22, 26.2, 29, 31, 38.2, 41.1, 42, 49, 50.2, 52, 54, 55.3, 61.2, 65, 77, 88, 94, 95, 101, 111, 132.1, 135.1, 139, 144, 146.2, 153, 155, 160, 176, 185, 186, 187, 188, 193, 196, 198.1, 207, 214.1, 218, 223.1, 245.2, 248, 252.1, 252.2, 253.2, 257.3, 262.1, 264, 269, 271.1, 285.1, 288, 289, 296, 299.2, 307.1, 309, 310, 320, 323.2, 329, 332, 338.1, 349, 350.1, 355, 357, 359, 366, 375].   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1978 Greek Sculpture: The Archaic Period. (1991: Corrected edition: Thames & Hudson, London). [Especially: Figures 42, 79, 123, 173, 187, 188, 192, 193, 196, 197, 199.1, 205.3, 206, 206.1, 212.1, 212.2, 215.1, 216, 253, 261.B, 262, 263].   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1985 Greek Sculpture: The Classical Period (1991: Corrected edition: Thames & Hudson, London). [Especially: Figures 22, 64, 77, 82.2, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 106, 107, 108, 110, 111, 134a, 146, 169, 177, 183, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 239.4, 241].   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1989 Athenian Red Figure Vases: The Classical Period. [Especially: Frontispiece; Figures 4.2, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 15.1, 15.2, 17, 19, 22, 23, 25, 31, 33, 34, 39, 42, 43, 55, 65, 68, 73.1, 92, 103, 106.2, 109, 136, 137, 144, 150, 155, 157.1, 157.2, 158.1, 170, 173, 183, 184.1, 189, 194, 195, 196, 197, 200, 217, 218, 238, 240, 244.2, 250, 255, 259, 266, 289.2, 292.1, 292.2, 294.1, 294.2, 303, 310, 317, 322, 325, 326, 329.3, 331, 333, 334, 337.2, 342, 343, 348, 349, 351, 366, 372, 373, 374, 378, 380.2, 390.2, 393].   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1995 Greek Sculpture: The Late Classical Period and Scul-pture in Colonies and Overseas. [Especially: Figures 10.5, 16, 23.2, 27, 39, 46, 64, 65, 67, 78, 81, 87, 88, 89, 137, 147, 155, 157.1, 160.1, 162, 166, 207, 221.2, 231, 237, 244].   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1998 Early Greek Vase Painting. 11th-6th Centuries BC. [Espe-cially: Frontispiece; Figures 1, 68, 93, 94, 98, 99, 142, 170, 173, 178.2, 208.1, 208.2, 211, 239, 256, 272, 297, 303, 358, 362, 365, 371, 375, 380, 388.1, 388.3, 392.2, 395, 401, 402, 403, 408, 409.6, 414, 420.1, 422, 423, 428, 430, 431, 434, 435, 437, 450, 451, 455, 458.3, 459, 467, 468, 469, 473.1, 476, 482.2, 485.1, 494, 495.1, 496, 497]. London Thames & Hudson Bodson, Liliane 1981 Les Grecs et leurs serpents. Premiers résultats de taxo-nomique des sources anciennes. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 7].   L'Antiquité Classique, Volume 50, Num-ber 1/2, 1981, pp. 57-78 Same Author 2003 A Python (Python Sebae Gmelin) for the King: The Third Century BC Herpetological Expedition to Aithiopia (Diodorus of Sicily 3.36-37). [Especially: Figure 1].   Museum Helveticum, Volume 60, Num-ber 1, 2003, pp. 22-38 Bowers, Susan R. 1990 Medusa and the Female Gaze.   The National Women's Studies Asso-ciation Journal (NWSA Journal), Vo-lume 2, Number 2, Spring 1990, pp. 217-235 Boyce, George K. 1937 Corpus of the Lararia of Pompeii. [Especially: Plates 1.4, 2.2, 4.1, 8.2, 8.3, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 12.2, 12.4, 13.1, 13.2, 14.2, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1, 16.2, 17.1, 17.2, 18.1, 20, 21.1, 21.2, 22.1, 22.2, 22.3, 23.1, 23.2, 24.1, 24.2, 25.1, 25.2, 26.1, 26.2, 27.1, 27.2, 28.1, 28.2, 28.3, 28.4, 30.2, 31.1, 31.2, 34.4, 36.1, 36.2, 40.3].   Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome, Volume 14, 1937, pp. 5-112 Same Author 1942 Significance of the Serpents on Pompeian House Shrines. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7].   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 46, Number 1, January-March 1942, pp. 13-22 Bravo, Jorge J. and Michael Mackinnon 2018 Excavations at Nemea IV: The Shrine of Opheltes. [Especially: Chapter 3: The Myth of Opheltes and the Origin of the Nemean Games, pp. 101-140; Chapter 4: Representa-tions of the Hero Opheltes in Art, pp. 141-170; Chapter 5: The Shrine of Opheltes in the Context of Greek Hero Cult, pp. 171-182].   Oakland University of California Press Brendel, Otto Johannes 1978 Etruscan Art. (1995: Second edition: Yale University Press, New Haven). [Especially: Figures 27, 55, 61, 92, 93, 97, 98, 100, 105, 108, 149, 163, 164, 170, 248, 262, 269, 271, 272, 289, 292, 309, 318, 319].   Harmonds-worth Penguin Books Buxton, Richard 2004 The Complete World of Greek Mythology. [Especially: Figures on pp. 4-5, 6 top, 14-15, 19, 21, 24, 26 top, 28, 29, 45 top, 47 top, 53 top, 53 bottom, 55 top, 56-57, 60, 60-61, 61, 76, 83 top, 87 bottom, 104 top, 104-105, 105, 112 bottom, 113 bottom, 114 top, 117 top, 118 bottom, 121 top, 121 bottom, 122, 122 top left, 132 top, 135, 137 bottom left, 139 top left, 143 top, 160 bottom, 161 bottom, 171 top, 194 bottom, 217 top, 217 bottom, 218-219, 245 bottom].   London Thames & Hudson Cameron, A. and A.W. Sampey 1960 Rod and Serpent.   The British Medical Journal, Volume 1, Number 5190, 25 June 1960, p. 1959 Campbell, Gordon Lindsay, ed. 2014 The Oxford Handbook of Animals in Classical Tho-ught and Life.   Oxford Oxford University Press Carpenter, Thomas H. 1991 Art and Myth in Ancient Greece. [Especially: Frontispie-ce; Figures 5, 12, 21, 24, 32, 34, 40, 41, 44, 47, 65, 70, 73, 76, 81, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 95a, 96, 97, 99, 100, 103, 104, 111, 112, 116, 119, 131, 132, 137, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 168, 169, 170, 171, 173, 178, 179, 180, 182, 185, 199, 204, 205, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 225, 232, 239, 242, 244, 249, 252, 266, 270, 277, 278, 283, 290, 292, 294, 298, 300, 305.2, 310, 316, 326, 328, 330.2, 332, 335, 339, 345, 355, 356]. London Thames & Hudson Caskey, L.D. 1915 A Chryselephantine Statuette of the Cretan Snake Goddess. [Especially: Figures 2, 6].   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 19, Number 3, July-Sep-tember 1915, pp. 237-249 Castelletti, Cristiano 2012 Why Is Jason Climbing the Dragon? A Hidden Cataste-rism in Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica 8.   Illinois Classical Studies, Number 37, 2012, pp. 141-165 Charbonneaux, Jean, Roland Martin, and François Villard 1968 Grèce archaïque (620-480 avant J.-C.). (L'univers des for-mes. Tome XIV). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1971].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Authors 1969 Grèce classique (480-330 avant J.-C.). (L'univers des for-mes. Tome XVI). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1972].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Authors 1970 Grèce hellénistique (330-50 avant J.-C.). (L'univers des formes. Tome XVIII). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1973].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Authors 1971 Archaic Greek Art: 620-480 BC (The Arts of Mankind. Vo-lume XIV). (1968, French; Translated by James Emmons and Robert Allen). [Especially: Figures 16, 17, 24, 30, 46, 47, 48, 53, 56, 61, 62, 64, 75, 76, 79, 82, 85, 86, 87, 99, 106, 110, 112, 125, 126, 127, 133, 152, 158, 183, 184, 185, 221, 271, 339, 340, 345, 348, 361, 368, 373, 384, 386, 387, 391, 398, 400, 401].   London Thames & Hudson Same Authors 1972 Classical Greek Art: 480-330 BC (The Arts of Mankind. Volume XVI). (1969, French; Translated by James Emmons). [Especially: Figures 156, 187, 208, 212, 234, 242, 246, 256, 262, 256, 266, 274, 280, 295, 296, 297, 299, 308, 312, 322, 331, 335, 338, 341, 346, 348, 349, 357, 359, 377, 379, 381, 385, 392, 393].   London Thames & Hudson Same Authors 1973 Hellenistic Art: 330-50 BC (The Arts of Mankind. Volume XVIII). (1970, French; Translated by Peter Green). [Especi-ally: Figures 46, 47, 115, 117, 123, 157, 159, 166, 181, 182, 183, 185, 189, 190, 236, 271, 287, 288, 290, 291, 293, 294, 295, 296, 300, 301, 333, 336, 362].   London Thames & Hudson Charlesworth, James H. 2004 Phenomenology, Symbology, and Lexicography, the Amazingly Rich Vocabulary for "Serpent" in Ancient Greek.   Revue Biblique, Volume 111, Number 4, October 2004, pp. 499-515 Compton Michael T. 2002 The Association of Hygieia with Asklepios in Graeco-Roman Asklepieion Medicine. [Especially: Figures 2, 3, 4].   Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume 57, Num-ber 3, July 2002, pp. 312-329 Cool H.E.M. 2000 The Significance of Snake Jewellery Hoards.   Britannia, Volume 31, 2000, pp. 29-40 Coulston, Jonathan Charles Nelson 1991 The Draco Standard.   Journal of Roman Military Equipment Studies, Volume 2, 1991, pp. 101-114 Dasteridou, Magdalini 2015 Fear and Healing through the Serpent Imagery in Greek Tragedy. Master's Thesis.   Cambridge Harvard Extension School Davis, S. 1953 Argeiphontes in Homer: The Dragon-Slayer.   Greece & Rome, Volume 22, Number 64, February 1953, pp. 33-38 de Waele, Ferdinand Joseph Maria 1927 The Magic Staff or Rod in Graeco-Italian Antiquity.   The Hague Drukkerij Erasmus Del Chiaro, Mario A. 1981 A Monumental Etruscan Medusa Head. [Especially: Fi-gures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9].   The J. Paul Getty Museum Journal, Volume 9, 1981, pp. 53-58 Delcourt, Marie and Robert L. Rankin 1965 The Last Giants.   History of Religions, Volume 4, Num-ber 2, Winter 1965, pp. 209-242 Demargne, Pierre 1964 Naissance de l'art grec. (L'univers des formes. Tome VI).   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Author 1964 Aegean Art: The Origins of Greek Art. (The Arts of Man-kind. Volume VI). (1964, French; Translated by Stuart Gilbert and James Emmons). [Especially: Figures 202, 212, 213, 303, 353, 363, 382, 384, 385, 388, 428, 432, 433, 525].   London Thames & Hudson Deonna, Waldemar 1952 Ouroboros. [Especially: Figure 1].   Artibus Asiae, Volume 15, Number 1/2, 1952, pp. 163-170 Same Author 1954 Bijoux annulaires, et spécialement colliers, en forme de serpents.   Artibus Asiae, Volume 17, Number 2, 1954, pp. 155-167 Same Author 1954 Bijoux annulaires, et spécialement colliers, en forme de serpents II.   Artibus Asiae, Volume 17, Number 3/4, 1954, pp. 265-281 Same Author 1957 L'âme pupilline et quelques monuments figurés. [Es-pecially: Plates I, II; Figures 2, 3, 4, 5].   L'Antiquité Classique, Volume 26, Number 1, 1957, pp. 59-90 Dimitrova, Nora 2002 Inscriptions and Iconography in the Monuments of the Thracian Rider. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8].   Hesperia: The Journal of the Ame-rican School of Classical Studies at Athens, Volume 71, Number 2, April-June 2002, pp. 209-229 D'Irsay, Stephen 1935 The Cult of Asklepios.   Bulletin of the Institute of the History of Medicine, Volume 3, Number 6, June 1935, pp. 451-482 Dock, Lavinia L. (In charge of, Foreign Department) 1904 An Ancient Greek Sanitarium. [Especially: Unnumbered figure Hygeia].   The American Journal of Nursing, Volume 5, Number 2, November 1904, pp. 117-120 Dow, Sterling and Frieda S. Upson 1944 The Foot of Sarapis. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7].   Hesperia: The Journal of the Ame-rican School of Classical Studies at Athens, Volume 13, Number 1, Janu-ary-March 1944, pp. 58-77 Dunbabin, Katherine M.D. 1999 Mosaics of the Greek and Roman World. [Especially: Figures 15, 16, 39, 41, 42, 46, 47, 49, 57, 62, 63, 67, 90, 94, 97, 99, 104, 105, 125, 129, 132, 139, 140, 144, 146, 152, 153, 155, 162, 173, 174, 202, 207, 210, 212, 213, 214, 223, 238, 242, 245, 256, 257, 263, 299, 311, 314; Plates 1, 7].   New York Cambridge University Press Durando, Furio, ed. 2001 Ancient Italy: Journey in Search of Works of Art and the Principal Archaeological Sites. [Especially: Figures on pp. 25, 34 top, 59 center, 60-61, 64 top left, 70-71, 71 bottom, 96-97, 120-121 top, 141 right, 142-143, 146-147, 170 bottom left, 173 bottom right, 176 top, 177 bottom right, 182 bottom left, 197, 198-199 bottom, 200 bottom, 201 bottom left, 202 center, 207 top, 214 left, 217 top, 229 bottom, 236-237, 237 bottom, 247 bottom, 267, 284 top].   Vercelli White Star Egmond, Florike 1995 The Cock, the Dog, the Serpent, and the Monkey. Re-ception and Transmission of a Roman Punishment, or Histo-riography as History.   International Journal of the Classical Tradition, Volume 2, Number 2, Fall 1995, pp. 159-192 Engle, Bernice S. 1929 The Use of Mercury's Caduceus as a Medical Emblem.   The Classical Journal, Volume 25, Number 3, December 1929, pp. 204-208 Faraone, Christopher A. 2013 The Amuletic Design of the Mithraic Bull-Wounding Scene. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9].   The Journal of Roman Studies, Volu-me 103, 2013, pp. 96-116 Farnell, L.R. 1882 The Pergamene Frieze: Its Relation to Literature and Tradition. [Especially: Unnumbered figures Zeus Group from Pergamene Frieze, Athene Group from Pergamene Frieze].   The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vo-lume 3, 1882, pp. 301-338 Same Author 1883 The Pergamene Frieze (Continued).   The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vo-lume 4, 1883, pp. 122-135 Same Author 1885 The Pergamene Frieze (Continued).   The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vo-lume 6, 1885, pp. 102-142 Finkielsztejn, Gérald 1986 Asklepios Leontoukhos et le mythe de la coupe de Césarée Maritime. [Especially: Figures 1, 3, 4].   Revue Biblique, Volume 93, Number 3, 1986, pp. 419-428 Flower, Harriet I. 2017 The Dancing Lares and the Serpent in the Garden: Religion at the Roman Street Corner.   Princeton Princeton University Press Friedlander, Walter J. 1992 The Golden Wand of Medicine: A History of the Caduce-us Symbol in Medicine.   New York Greenwood Press Frothingham, A.L. 1911 Medusa, Apollo, and the Great Mother. [Especially: Fi-gures 1, 2, 5a, 5b, 6, 10, 11, 12, 14].   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 15, Number 3, July-Septem-ber 1911, pp. 349-377 Same Author 1916 Babylonian Origin of Hermes the Snake-God, and of the Caduceus. [Especially: Figures 1, 3, 5, 6, 7a, 7b, 8, 9, 18, 19, 21b, 41].   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 20, Number 2, April-June 1916, pp. 175-211 Ganszyniec, Ricardus 1919 De Agathodaemone.   Warszawa Nakladem Towarzystwa Naukowego Warszawskiego Garber, Marjorie and Nancy J. Vickers, eds. 2003 The Medusa Reader.   New York Routledge Geiger, Joseph 2012 Asclepius Λεοντουχος.   Mnemosyne, Fourth Series, Volume 65, Fascicle 2, 2012, pp. 315-318 Gesell, Geraldine C. 2010 The Snake Goddesses of the LM IIIB and LM IIIC Periods. [Especially: Figure 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 13.6, 13.7, 13.8].   British School at Athens Studies, Vo-lume 18, Cretan Offerings: Studies in Honour of Peter Warren, 2010, pp. 131-139 Gill, M.A.V. 1963 The Minoan Dragon.   Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, Number 10, 1963, pp. 1-12 Glynn, Ruth 1981 Herakles, Nereus and Triton: A Study of Iconography in Sixth Century Athens. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 6, 7].   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 85, Number 2, April 1981, pp. 121-132 Gordon, Hymie 1960 Rod and Serpent.   The British Medical Journal, Volume 2, Number 5191, 2 July 1960, p. 72 Guaitoli, Maria Teresa 2006 Rome: History and Treasures of an Ancient Civilization. [Especially: Figures on pp. 2-3, 13, 42-43, 53, 62 left, 72-73, 73, 76, 78 left, 82-83, 84-85, 111 top, 144-145, 168 bottom right, 169, 171 center, 172, 190-191].   Vercelli White Star Halm-Tisserant, Monique 1986 Le gorgonéion, emblème d'Athéna: Introduction du mo-tif sur le bouclier et l'égide. [Especially: Figures 1.2, 1.3, 2, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 5.2, 5.2, 5.3].   Revue Archéologique, Nouvelle Série, Fascicle 2, 1986, pp. 245-278 Harl, Kenneth W. 1991 Livy and the Date of the Introduction of the Cisto-phoric Tetradrachma.   Classical Antiquity, Nouvelle Série, Volume 10, Number 2, October 1991, pp. 268-297 Higgins, Reynold 1967 Minoan and Mycenian Art. (1981: Revised second editi-on: Thames & Hudson, London). [Especially: Figures 3, 22, 23, 114, 117, 119, 129, 137, 142, 182, 183, 209, 239]. London Thames & Hudson Höpflinger, Anna-Katharina 2010 Schlangenkampf: Ein Vergleich von ausgewählten Bild- und Textquellen aus dem griechisch-römischen und dem alt-orientalischen Kulturraum.   Zürich Theologischer Verlag Hostetler, Kristen Lee 2007 Serpent Iconography. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11].   Etruscan Studies, Volume 10, Article 16, 2007, pp. 203-210 Howe, Thalia Phillies 1954 The Origin and Function of the Gorgon-Head.   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 58, Number 3, July 1954, pp. 209-221 Hunger, Karl-Heinz 1978 Der Äskulapstab: Zur Funktion präsentativer Symbole in der Kommunikation.   Berlin Verlag Volker Spiess Jackson, Howard M. 1985 The Meaning and Function of the Leontocephaline in Roman Mithraism.   Numen, Volume 32, Fascicle 1, July 1985, pp. 17-45 Janan, Micaela 2009 Reflections in a Serpent's Eye: Thebes in Ovid's Meta-morphoses.   Oxford Oxford University Press Jesi, Furio 1959 The Gorgon. [Especially: Figures on p. 92 right top, 92 right bottom].   East and West, Volume 10, Number 1/2, March-June 1959, pp. 88-93 Karanika, Andromache 2011 The End of Nekyia: Odysseus, Heracles, and the Gorgon in the Underworld.   Arethusa, Volume 44, Number 1, Winter 2011, pp. 1-27 Koch, Guntram and Helmut Sichtermann 2006 Römische Sarkophage. [Especially: Plates 12, 22, 23, 36, 37, 43, 52, 76, 78, 152, 155, 163, 166, 167, 168, 173, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 190, 192, 195, 196, 197, 198, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 210, 215, 216, 218, 221, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 230, 234, 237, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 249, 253, 258, 262, 263, 267, 268, 282, 304, 307, 310, 311, 316, 319, 324, 327, 337, 344, 349, 355, 357, 360, 369, 373, 377, 385, 388, 406, 419, 452, 453, 473, 480, 483, 484, 487, 489, 490, 501, 504, 509, 511, 512, 515, 516, 539, 540, 542, 551, 558, 560, 562, 566, 571, 572, 573, 576, 577, 588, 593, 595].   München C.H. Beck'sche Verlag-buchhandlung Küster, Erich 1913 Die Schlange in der griechischen Kunst und Religion. [Especially: Figures 1, 12, 13, 16, 17, 26, 27, 31, 32].   Giessen Verlag von Alfred Töpelmann Lapatin, Kenneth D.S. 2003 Mysteries of the Snake Goddess: Art, Desire, and the Forging of History.   Boston Da Capo Press Leeming, David Adams 2013 Medusa: In the Mirror of Time.   London Reaktion Books LIMC 1981- 2009 Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC). Volumes I-VIII. Indices. Supplementum.   Zürich Artemis & Winkler Verlag Lowe, Dunstan 2012 Sabazius in the Aeneid (7.341-60).   Vergilius, Volume 58, 2012, pp. 81-91 Magagnini, Antonella 2008 The Etruscans: History and Treasures of an Ancient Civili-zation. [Especially: Figures on pp. 11, 60-61, 63, 64, 72 top, 96, 97 right, 110 right, 111, 118, 122 left, 124-125, 128 right, 131, 166-167, 180, 196, 196-197, 198].   Vercelli White Star Maggi, Stefano 2007 Greece: History and Treasures of an Ancient Civilization. [Especially: Figures on pp. 6-7, 28 bottom right, 39, 65, 66, 76 left, 77, 79, 90, 92 top, 98 bottom right, 93, 97 top right, 97 bottom, 101, 115 top, 115 bottom, 116-117 top, 116-117 center, 155, 181, 192 top, 193, 194].   Vercelli White Star Martens, Brian 2018 The Statuary of Asklepios from the Athenian Agora.   Hesperia: The Journal of the Ame-rican School of Classical Studies at Athens, Volume 87, Number 3, July-September 2018, pp. 545-610 Mitchell-Boyask, Robin 2007 The Athenian Asklepieion and the End of the Philoc-tetes.   Transactions of the American Philo-logical Association, Volume 137, Number 1, Spring 2007, pp. 85-114 Neils, Jenifer 2013 Salpinx, Snake, and Salamis: The Political Geography of the Pella Hydria. [Especially: Figures 1, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10].   Hesperia: The Journal of the Ame-rican School of Classical Studies at Athens, Volume 82, Number 4, October-December 2013, pp. 595-613 Nethercut, William R. 1974 Snakes in the Aenid: Two Comments.   Vergilius, Number 20, 1974, pp. 20-23 Newmyer, Stephen Thomas 2011 Animals in Greek and Roman Thought: A Sourcebook.   Abingdon Routledge Nickel, Helmut 1989 Of Dragons, Basilisks, and the Arms of the Seven Kings of Rome. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 18, 19, 20, 21, 26].   Metropolitan Museum Journal, Volu-me 24, 1989, pp. 25-34 Nilsson, Martin P. 1951 The Anguipede of the Magical Amulets.   The Harvard Theological Review, Volume 44, Number 1, January 1951, pp. 61-64 Nousek, Debra L. 2008 Turning Points in Roman History: The Case of Caesar's Elephant Denarius. [Especially: Figures 1, 5, 6].   Phoenix, Volume 62, Number 3/4, Fall-Winter 2008, pp. 290-307 Padget, J. Michael et al., eds. 2003 The Centaur's Smile: The Human Animal in Early Greek Art.   Princeton Princeton University Art Museum Palaiologou, Heleni 1995 "Minoan Dragons" on a Sealstone from Mycenae.   Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, Supplement, Number 63, Klados: Essays in Honour of J.N. Coldstream, 1995, pp. 195-199 Papadopoulos, John K. and Deborah Ruscillo 2002 A Ketos in Early Athens: An Archaeology of Whales and Sea Monsters in the Greek World. [Especially: Figures 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31].   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 106, Number 2, April 2002, pp. 187-227 Pappalardo, Umberto and Rosaria Ciardiello 2010 Mosaici greci e romani: Tappeti di pietra in età ellenis-tica e romana. [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 2012].   San Giovan- ni Lupatoto Arsenale Editrice Same Author 2012 Greek and Roman Mosaics. (2010, Italian; Translated by Ceil Friedman). [Especially: Figures 8, 50, 66, 69, 70, 82, 83, 94, 97, 98, 102, 103, 118, 121, 124, 128, 129, 137, 138, 152, 161, 173, 194, 197, 208, 213, 232].   New York Abbeville Press Pearce, Arnold 2002 Where's Our Serpent?   The British Medical Journal, Volume 1, Number 5742, 23 January 1971, p. 234 Phillips, Kyle M., Jr. 1968 Perseus and Andromeda. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 17, 24, 25, 26, 37, 41, 42, 43, 47, 48, 49, 53, 58, 59].   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 72, Number 1, January 1968, pp. 1-23 Picard, Ch. 1943 Sanctuaires, représentations et symboles de Zeus Meilichios.   Revue de l'histoire des religions, Vo-lume 126, 1943, pp. 97-127 Same Author 1956 Nouvelles observations sur diverses représentations du Héros Cavalier des Balkans.   Revue de l'histoire des religions, Vo-lume 150, Number 1, 1956, pp. 1-26 Pieraccini, Lisa C. 2016 Sacred Serpent Symbols: The Bearded Snakes of Etruria. [Especially: Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11].   Journal of Ancient Egyptian Inter-connections, Volume 10, September 2016, pp. 92-102 Renberg, Gil H. 2006 Public and Private Places of Worship in the Cult of Asclepius at Rome. [Especially: Figures 5a, 5b, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12a, 12b, 12c, 13].   Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome, Volume 51/52, 2006/2007, pp. 87-172 Richer, Nicolas 2010 Elements of the Spartan Bestiary in the Archaic and Classical Periods. In Powell, Anton and Stephen Hodkinson, eds., Sparta: The Body Politic, 2010, pp. 1-84.   Swansea The Classical Press of Wales Ridgway, Brunilde Sismondo 1977 The Plataian Tripod and the Serpentine Column. [Es-pecially: Illustration 1; Figures 1, 2, 3].   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 81, Number 3, Summer 1977, pp. 374-379 Robinson, Alice M. 1978 The Cult of Asklepius and the Theatre.   Educational Theatre Journal, Volu-me 30, Number 4, December 1978, pp. 530-542 Rodríguez-Pérez, Diana 2015 Guardian Snakes and Combat Myths: An Iconographi-cal Approach. In Lang-Auinger, Claudia and Elisabeth Trinkl, eds., Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum, Österreich, Booklet 2: ΦΥΤΑ ΚΑΙ ΖΩΙΑ. Pflanzen und Tiere auf Griechischen Vasen, 2015, pp. 147-154.   Wien Austrian Academy of Sciences Press Ross, D.J.A. 1963 Olympias and the Serpent: The Interpretation of a Baal-bek Mosaic and the Date of the Illustrated Pseudo-Callisthe-nes. [Especially: Figures 1c, 1d, 1e, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 6a, 6b].   Journal of the Warburg and Court-auld Institutes, Volume 26, Number 1/2, 1963, pp. 1-21 Salapata, Gina 2006 The Tippling Serpent in the Art of Lakonia and Beyond. [Especially: Figures 1, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11].   Hesperia: The Journal of the Ame-rican School of Classical Studies at Athens, Volume 75, Number 4, Octo-ber-December 2006, pp. 541-560 Schefold, Karl 1964 Frügriechische Sagenbilder.   München Hirmer Verlag Same Author 1966 Myth and Legend in Early Greek Art. (1964, German; Translated by Audrey Hicks).   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1978 Götter- und Heldensagen der Griechen in der spätar-chaischen Kunst. [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1992].   München Hirmer Verlag Same Author 1981 Die Göttersage in der klassischen und hellenistischen Kunst. [Especially: Figures 2, 5, 10, 14, 19, 21, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 36, 39, 44, 45, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 65, 68, 71, 72, 76, 77, 84, 87, 90, 94, 109, 113, 115, 118, 120, 122, 124, 128, 131, 135, 136, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 152, 153, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 164, 191, 200, 202, 204, 205, 231, 232, 248, 285, 325, 348, 352, 353, 354, 355, 375, 377, 379, 382, 385, 388, 396, 432, 433, 435, 449, 460, 463].   München Hirmer Verlag Same Author 1988 Die Urkönige, Perseus, Bellerophon, Herakles und Theseus in der klassischen und hellenistischen Kunst. [Espe-cially: Figures 8, 19, 21, 24, 25, 26, 36a, 41, 49, 48, 64, 65, 68, 69, 70, 71, 76, 97a, 106, 110, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 133, 134, 135, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142, 145, 150, 152, 153, 156, 158, 159, 160, 161, 167, 168a, 176, 181, 182, 184, 186, 190, 191, 215, 222, 237, 242, 243, 272, 273, 274, 276, 278, 285, 290, 291, 292b, 293, 305, 309, 322, 323, 324, 325, 331, 343, 344].   München Hirmer Verlag Same Author 1989 Die Sagen von den Argonauten, von Theben und Tro-ia in der klassischen und hellenistischen Kunst. [Especially: Figures 1, 9, 14, 15, 26a, 26b, 26bis, 27, 43, 51, 57, 59, 60, 61, 74, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 84, 86, 89, 124bis, 129b, 130, 152bis, 153, 159, 165, 171, 172, 175, 187, 188bis.a, 188bis.b, 194, 198, 205a, 205b, 207, 208a, 210, 224, 236, 241, 243, 249a, 250, 251, 252, 255, 263, 271, 276, 277, 304, 307, 312].   München Hirmer Verlag Same Author 1992 Gods and Heroes in Late Archaic Greek Art. (1978, Ger-man; Translated by Alan Griffiths). [Especially: Figures 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 21, 23, 26, 31, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43, 45, 46, 47, 49, 51, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 70, 71, 78, 82, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 101, 103, 106, 110, 111, 114, 116, 118, 119, 121, 131, 134, 138, 140, 143, 146, 147, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 155, 156, 158, 159, 164, 165, 166, 169, 175, 177, 178, 180, 181, 182, 183, 188, 191, 192, 193, 195, 213, 219, 243, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 257, 268, 270, 281, 285, 288, 291, 292, 297, 303, 307, 312, 322, 326, 329, 330, 332, 338, 342, 345, 350, 353, 360, 361].   Cambridge Cambridge University Press Same Author 1993 Götter- und Heldensagen der Griechen in der früh- und hocharchaischen Kunst. [Especially: Figures 25, 57a, 57b, 60, 61, 62, 63, 63bis.b, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69a, 69b, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77b, 78b, 86, 86bis, 116, 128a, 133a, 150, 170, 173, 181a, 181b, 183, 185, 186, 189a, 190a/b, 196, 197, 198, 199, 209, 217, 228, 229i, 238, 239, 240, 240bis.a, 240bis.b, 241a, 241b, 242a, 245, 246, 251, 252a, 252b, 252c, 255, 260, 261, 263, 264, 267, 272bis, 299, 300, 301, 303, 308, 309, 310, 313, 316, 316bis, 320bis, 321, 322, 324, 332, 333a, 334, 339, 345, 349, 351, 358, 363, 366, 370, 376, 379].   München Hirmer Verlag Schouten, Jan 1967 The Rod and Serpent of Asklepios: Symbol of Medicine.   Amsterdam Elsevier Publishing Schwartz, Friedrich Leberecht Wilhelm 1858 Die altgriechischen Schlangengottheiten: Ein Beitrag zur Glaubensgeschichte der Urzeit.   Berlin Nauckschen Buchdruckerei Sharland, Suzanne 2011 Ghostly Guests and Venomous Snakes: Traces of Civil War in Horace, Satires 2.8.   Acta Classica, Volume 54, 2011, pp. 79-100 Soubiran, Jean 2004 Mythologie et astronomie III. Python et le Dauphin (Sénèque, Med. 700).   Pallas, Number 66, 2004, pp. 37-47 Spier, Jeffrey 1990 Emblems in Archaic Greece.   Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, Number 37, 1990, pp. 107-129 Steger, Florian 2005 Der Neue Asklepios Glykon/The New Asklepios Glykon.   Medizinhistorisches Journal, Volume 40, Number 1, 2005, pp. 3-18 Stephenson Paul 2016 The Serpent Column: A Cultural Biography.   New York Oxford University Press Stilp, Florian 2011 Scylla l'ambivalente. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14].   Revue Archéologique, Number 1, 2011, pp. 3-26 Streisand, Lena 2015 Liminality & the Fantastic: Snakes in Ancient Athe-nian Visual and Material Culture from the Archaic to the Hellenistic Periods. Undergraduate Honors Theses, Paper 965.   Boulder University of Colorado Stubbs, H.W. 1997 Laocoon Again.   Vergilius, Volume 43, 1997, pp. 3-18 Suhr, E.G. 1969 The Daughter of the Dragon.   Folklore, Volume 80, Number 1, Spring 1969, pp. 1-11 Trinacty, Christopher V. 2018 Lares and Laocoön: A Note on Aen. 2.199-227. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4].   Vergilius, Volume 64, 2018, pp. 173-182 Trinquier, Jean 2008 La fabrique du serpent draco: Quelques serpents mythi-ques chez les poètes latins.   Pallas, Number 78, Mythes et savoirs dans les textes grecs et latins, 2008, pp. 221-255 Troncoso, Víctor Alonso 2018 The Animal Types on the Argead Coinage, Wilderness and Macedonia. In Howe, Timothy and Frances Pownall, eds., Ancient Macedonians in Greek and Roman Sources: From History to Historiography, 2018, pp. 137-162.   Swansea The Classical Press of Wales Ullmann, Manfred, tr., ed. 1994 Das Schlangenbuch des Hermes Trismegistos.   Wiesbaden Harrossowitz Verlag Vázquez Hoys, Ana María 1993 La serpiente en las monedas: Transmisión iconográfica de una antigua creencia.   Espacio, Tiempo y Forma, Serie 2, Volume 6, 1993, pp. 59-98 Venit, Marjorie Susan 1989 Herakles and the Hydra in Athens in the First Half of the Sixth Century B.C. [Especially: Figure 1; Plate 26].   Hesperia: The Journal of the Ame-rican School of Classical Studies at Athens, Volume 58, Number 1, Janu-ary-March 1989, pp. 99-113 Weitzmann, Kurt 1973 The Heracles Plaques of St. Peter's Cathedra. [Especially: Figures 1, 4, 7, 8, 9, 18, 19, 20, 21, 25, 27, 30, 31, 33, 35, 36, 39, 44, 48, 49, 57].   The Art Bulletin, Volume 55, Number 1, March 1973, pp. 1-37 Same Author 1974 An Addendum to "The Heracles Plaques of St. Peter's Ca-thedra".   The Art Bulletin, Volume 56, Number 2, June 1974, pp. 248-251 Wilk, Stephen R. 2000 Medusa: Solving the Mystery of the Gorgon.   New York Oxford University Press Woods, David 2009 Caesar the Elephant against Juba the Snake. [Especi-ally: Figure 1].   Numismatic Chronicle, Volume 169, 2009, pp. 189-192 Wroth, Warwick 1882 Asklepios and the Coins of Pergamon. [Especially: Pla-tes I, II, III].   The Numismatic Chronicle and Jour-nal of the Numismatic Society, Third Series, Volume 2, 1882, pp. 1-51 Ziskowski, Angela 2014 The Bellerophon Myth in Early Corinthian History and Art. [Especially: Figures 4, 5, 7, 9].   Hesperia: The Journal of the Ame-rican School of Classical Studies at Athens, Volume 83, Number 1, Janu-ary-March 2014, pp. 81-102 ⯅ Seminal Works ⯅ Comparative & General Studies ⯅ Greco-Roman World ⯆ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯆ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯆ Egypt ⯆ Biblical Tradition ⯆ Arabia & Early Islam ⯆ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯆ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯆ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯆ China, Korea & Japan « ● ANCIENT & MEDIEVAL EUROPEAN PAGANISM ● » Acker, Paul 2012 Death by Dragons.   Viking and Medieval Scandinavia, Volume 8, 2012, pp. 1-21 Barreiro, Santiago 1997 The Hoard Makes the Dragon: Fáfnir as a Shapeshifter. In Barreiro, Santiago and Luciana Cordo Russo, eds., Shape-shifters in Medieval North Atlantic Literature, 1997, pp. 53-82.   Amsterdam Amsterdam University Press Bintley, Michael D.J. and Thomas J.T. Williams, eds. 2015 Representing Beasts in Early Medieval England and Scandinavia.   Woodbridge The Boydell Press Bober, Phyllis Fray 1951 Cernunnos: Origin and Transformation of a Celtic Divinity. [Especially: Figures 3, 4, 13].   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 55, Number 1, January 1951, pp. 13-51 Bondeson, Jan 1997 The Bosom Serpent. In Bondeson, Jan, A Cabinet of Medi-cal Curiosities, 1997, pp. 26-50.   Ithaca Cornell University Press Boyer, Régis 1997 Héros et dieux du Nord: Guide iconographique.   Paris Flammarion Brunning, Sue 2015 "(Swinger of) the Serpent of Wounds": Swords and Snakes in the Viking Mind. In Bintley, Michael D.J. and Tho-mas J.T. Williams, eds., Representing Beasts in Early Medie-val England and Scandinavia, 2015, pp. 53-72.   Woodbridge The Boydell Press Bryan, Elizabeth J. 2016 Astronomy Translated: Caput Draconis and the Pendra-gon Star in Geoffrey of Monmouth, Wace, and Lazamon.   Arthuriana, Volume 26, Number 1, Spring 2016, pp. 141-163 Campbell, John Francis 1911 The Celtic Dragon Myth. With the Geste of Fraoch and the Dragon, translated with introduction by George Hender-son. (2013: Reprint edition: Routledge, Abingdon).   Edinburgh John Grant Condren, Mary 1989 The Serpent and the Goddess: Women, Religion, and Power in Celtic Ireland.   San Fran- cisco Harper & Row Cook, Robert G. 1971 The Character of Gunnlaug Serpent-Tongue.   Scandinavian Studies, Volume 43, Number 1, Winter 1971, pp. 1-21 Crane, Susan 2013 Animal Encounters: Contacts and Concepts in Medieval Britain. [Especially: Chapter 3: A Bestiary's Taxonomy of Creatures, pp. 69-100].   Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press Davidson, Hilda Rodrick Ellis 1964 Gods and Myths of Northern Europe. (1968-2009: Re-print editions: Penguin Books, London).   London Penguin Books Same Author 1982 Viking & Norse Mythology. (1996: Reprint edition: Barnes & Noble, New York).   New York Chancellor Publications Same Author 1988 Myths and Symbols in Pagan Europe: Early Scandina-vian and Celtic Religions.   Syracuse Syracuse University Press DuBois, Arthur E. 1957 The Dragon in Beowulf.   Proceedings of the Modern Language Association of America (PMLA), Vo-lume 72, Number 5, 1957, pp. 819-822 Ettlinger, Ellen 1976 The Mythological Relief of the Oseberg Wagon Found in Southern Norway. [Especially: Figure 1].   Folklore, Volume 87, Number 1, 1976, pp. 81-88 Evans, Jonathan D. 2000 The Heynesbók Dragon: An Old Icelandic Maxim in Its Legal-Historical Context. [Especially: Figures 1, 2].   The Journal of English and Germanic Philology, Volume 99, Number 4, Oc-tober 2000, pp. 461-491 Ferris, William N. 1959 Arthur's Golden Dragon.   Romance Notes, Volume 1, Number 1, November 1959, pp. 69-71 Fitzpatrick, A.P. 2007 Dancing with Dragons: Fantastic Animals in the Earlier Celtic Art of Iron Age Britain. In Haselgrove, Colin and Tom Moore, eds., The Later Iron Age in Britain and Beyond, 2007, pp. 339-357.   Oxford Oxbow Books Ginoux, Nathalie 2008 Pendragon's Ancestors. [Especially: Figures 2, 6].   Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Col-loquium, Volume 28, 2008, pp. 63-78 Göller, Karl Heinz 1994 The Dream of the Dragon and Bear. In Göller, Karl Heinz, ed., The Alliterative Morte Arthure: A Reassessment of the Poem, 1994, pp. 130-139.   Woodbridge Boydell & Brewer Graham-Campbell, James 2013 Viking Art. [Especially: Figures 1, 3, 7, 10, 13, 15, 16, 17, 28c, 30a, 43, 46, 48, 49, 52, 53, 58, 59 bottom, 67, 68 bottom, 103, 107, 109, 114, 123, 131, 138, 139, 140, 142 right, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178, 179, 185, 194, 195, 196, 199, 200, 202, 203, 207, 208, 210, 212].   London Thames & Hudson Green, (Aldhouse-Green) Miranda Jane 1989 Symbols and Image in Celtic Religious Art. [Especial-ly: Figures 1, 17, 22, 23, 24, 26, 35, 38, 39, 40, 48, 51, 52, 73].   London Routledge Same Author 1992 Dictionary of Celtic Myth and Legend.   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1996 Celtic Art: Reading the Messages.   London Weidenfeld & Nicolson Same Author 1997 Celtic Art: Symbols & Imagery.   New York Sterling Publishing Company Same Author 2004 An Archaeology of Images: Iconology and Cosmology in Iron Age and Roman Europe.   London Routledge Guðmundsdóttir, Aðalheiður 2012 Gunnarr and the Snake Pit in Medieval Art and Legend. (Translated from the Icelandic by Jeffrey Cosser). [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12].   Speculum, Volume 87, Number 4, Oc-tober 2012, pp. 1015-1049 Hubert, Jean, Jean Porcher, and Wolfgang Friedrich Volbach 1967 L'Europe des invasions. (L'univers des formes. Tome XII). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1969].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Authors 1969 Europe of the Dark Ages. (The Arts of Mankind. Volume XII). (1961, French; Translated by Stuart Gilbert and James Emmons). [Especially: Figures 55, 56, 68, 70, 113, 116, 119B, 130, 204, 205].   London Thames & Hudson Jensen, Bo 2017 Skull-Cups and Snake-Pits: Men's Revenge and Women's Revenge in Viking Age Scandinavia. In Jensen, Bo and Uros Matic, eds., Archaeologies of Gender and Violence, 2017, pp. 197-222.   Oxford Oxbow Books Karwowski, Maciej 2014 The Dragon from Oberleiserberg. In Gosden, Chris-topher et al., eds., Celtic Art in Europe: Making Connections, 2014, pp. 234-238.   Oxford Oxbow Books Kilger, Christoph 2015 Hoards and Sinuous Snakes: Significance and Meaning of Ring Ornaments in Early Viking Age Hoards from Got-land. In Larsson, Lars et al., eds., Small Things - Wide Hori-zons: Studies in Honour of Birgitta Hårdh, 2015, pp. 35-42.   Oxford Archaeopress Lindow, John 2001 Norse Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs. (2002: Reprint edition: Oxford University Press, Oxford). [Especially: Figures on pp. 4, 8, 9, 60, 184, 187, 190, 217, 218, 229, 230, 255, 276].   Santa Barbara ABC-CLIO Malcor, Linda A. 2000 Merlin and the Pendragon: King Arthur's Draconarius. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 4].   Arthuriana, Volume 10, Number 1, Spring 2000, pp. 3-13 Mederos, Judith E. 1963 Influence of Barbarian Art on Romanesque Art. [Es-pecially: Figure 1].   Gesta, Pre-Serial Issue. Annual of the International Center of Romanesque Art Inc., 1963, pp. 4-7 Megaw, Ruth and Vincent Megaw 1989 The Italian Job: Some Implications of Recent Finds of Cel-tic Scabbards Decorated with Dragon-Pairs. [Especially: Il-lustration 1].   Mediterranean Archaeology, Volume 2, 1989, pp. 85-100 Nikolaeva, Tat'yana Vasil'evna and Aleksey Vladimirovich Chernetsov 1991 Древнерусские амулеты-змеевики. (Ancient Russian Zmeevik-Talismans).   Moscow Nauka Nilsson, Martin P. 1947 The Dragon on the Treasure.   The American Journal of Philology, Volume 68, Number 3, 1947, pp. 302-309 Rasmussen, Ann Marie 2011 Siegfried the Dragonslayer Meets the Web: Using Di-gital Media for Developing Historical Awareness and Ad-vanced Language and Critical Thinking Skills.   Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching Ger-man, Volume 44, Number 2, Fall 2011, pp. 106-115 Rauer, Christine 2000 Beowulf and the Dragon: Parallels and Analogues.   Cambridge D.S. Brewer Sayers, William 2008 The Wyvern.   Neuphilologische Mitteilungen, Volu-me 109, Number 4, 2008, pp. 457-465 Simpson, Jacqueline 1978 Fifty British Dragon Tales: An Analysis.   Folklore, Volume 89, Number 1, 1978, pp. 79-93 Same Author 1980 British Dragons.   London B.T. Batsford Sutton, Anne F. and Livia Visser-Fuchs 1992 The Dark Dragon of the Normans: A Creation of Geof-frey of Monmouth, Stephen of Rouen, and Merlin Silvester.   Quondam et Futurus, Volume 2, Num-ber 2, Summer 1992, pp. 1-19 Symons, Victoria 2015 Wreoþenhilt ond Wyrmfah: Confronting Serpents in "Beowulf" and Beyond. In Bintley, Michael D.J. and Thomas J.T. Williams, eds., Representing Beasts in Early Medieval England and Scandinavia, 2015, pp. 73-93.   Woodbridge The Boydell Press Talbot, Annelise 1983 Sigemund the Dragon-Slayer.   Folklore, Volume 94, Number 2, 1983, pp. 153-162 Tatlock, J.S.P. 1933 The Dragons of Wessex and Wales.   Speculum, Volume 8, Number 2, April 1933, pp. 223-235 Trygstad, Anne 1985 The Järsta Stone. [Especially: Figure 1].   Proceedings of the Modern Language Association of America (PMLA), Vo-lume 100, Number 1, January 1985, pp. 9-1 Vaz da Silva, Francisco 2003 Iberian Seventh-Born Children, Werewolves, and the Dragon Slayer: A Case Study in the Comparative Interpretation of Symbolic Praxis and Fairytales.   Folklore, Volume 114, Number 3, De-cember 2003, pp. 335-353 Vitali, Daniele 2007 The Celts: History and Treasures of an Ancient Civilization. [Especially: Figures on pp. 6-7, 28, 46, 47, 71 top right, 91, 102, 123, 124, 183 top, 183 bottom, 184, 186 bottom]. Vercelli White Star ⯅ Seminal Works ⯅ Comparative & General Studies ⯅ Greco-Roman World ⯅ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯆ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯆ Egypt ⯆ Biblical Tradition ⯆ Arabia & Early Islam ⯆ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯆ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯆ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯆ China, Korea & Japan « ● ANATOLIA, LEVANT & MESOPOTAMIA ● » Acquaro, Enrico and Paola de Vita 2010 The Phoenicians: History and Treasures of an Ancient Ci-vilization. [Especially: Figures on pp. 32, 42-43, 43 top left, 46, 50, 51 left, 51 right, 52 left, 53, 57, 65 left, 68, 126, 152].   Vercelli White Star Binst, Olivier, ed. 2000 The Levant: History and Archaeology in the Eastern Medi-terranean. [Especially: Figures on pp. 38 right, 41, 55, 58, 66, 103 bottom, 181 bottom, 211, 214 top, 234].   Cologne Könemann Black, Jeremy and Anthony Green 1992 Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopota-mia: An Illustrated Dictionary. [Especially: Articles Aššur, Beasts of the Gods, Demons and Monsters, Dragons, Etana, Gilgameš, Huwawa (Humbaba), Iškur (Adad), Ištaran, Kudurrus, Lamaštu, Lion-Dragon, Marduk, Merman and Mermaid, Mongoose, Nabû, Ninazu, Ningišzida, Plant of Life, Slain Heroes, Snake-Dragon, Snake Gods, Snakes, Tiāmat, Tiāmat's Creatures, Tišpak, Turtle, Underworld, Winged Disc, Ziusura (Ūt-napišti), Zodiac; Figures 7, 8, 31, 36, 45, 53, 76, 89, 90, 100, 105, 107, 108, 110, 115, 135, 137, 138, 139, 150, 151, 159].   Austin University of Texas Press Borowski, Oded 2002 Animals in the Literatures of Syria-Palestine. In Col-lins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 289-308.   Leiden Brill Same Author 2002 Animals in the Religions of Syria-Palestine. In Collins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 405-426. [Especially: Figure 15.3].   Leiden Brill Bourbon, Fabio and Enrico Lavagno 2001 The Holy Land: Guide to the Archaeological Sites and His-torical Monuments. [Especially: Figures on pp. 9 left, 15, 112-113, 153 bottom right, 161 bottom left, 182-183].   Vercelli White Star Breniquet, Catherine 2002 Animals in Mesopotamian Art. In Collins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 145-168. [Especially: Figure 4.5].   Leiden Brill Buchanan, Briggs 1971 A Snake Goddess and Her Companions: A Problem in the Iconography of the Early Second Millennium B.C. [Espe-cially: Figure 1].   Iraq, Volume 33, Number 1, Spring 1971, pp. 1-18 Caubet, Annie 2002 Animals in Syro-Palestinian Art. In Collins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 211-236.   Leiden Brill Collins, Billie Jean, ed. 2002 A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East.   Leiden Brill Same Author 2002 Animals in Hittite Literature. In Collins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 237-250.   Leiden Brill Same Author 2002 Animals in the Religions of Ancient Anatolia. In Col-lins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the An-cient Near East, 2002, pp. 309-334. [Especially: Figure 11.3].   Leiden Brill Cornelius, Izak 1994 The Iconography of the Canaanite Gods Reshef and Ba'al: Late Bronze and Iron Age I Periods (c. 1500-1000 BCE). [Especially: Plates 20 (RR28), 21 (RR29), 22 (RR30), 23 (RR31), 26 (RR36), 27 (RM3), 28 (RM10, RM12, RM13), 36 (BR6), 42 (BR16), 47 (BM17, BM24, BM26, BM27, BM28, BM29, BM30, BM31, BM32, BM33, BM34, BM35, BM36, BM37, BM40), 50 (BM74, BM75, BM76, BM77, BM78, BM79, BM80, BM81, BM82), 51 (BM83, BM84, BM86), A, C; Figures 4, 5, 7, 9, 30, 31, 36b, 39, 42, 48, 49a, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 61, 62, 63].   Fribourg University Press Foster, Benjamin R. 2002 Animals in Mesopotamian Literature. In Collins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 271-288.   Leiden Brill Frankfort, Henri 1934 Gods and Myths on Sargonid Seals. [Especially: Plates I, II, III, IV, V; Figures 1, 2, 3].   Iraq, Volume 1, Number 1, April 1934, pp. 2-29 Same Author 1954 The Art and Architecture of the Ancient Orient. (1958-1970: Second-fourth editions: Yale University Press, New Ha-ven; 1996: Fifth edition: Yale University Press, New Haven). [Especially: Figures 25B, 25D, 28, 32, 33, 96B, 101, 102, 125, 229, 233, 391, 392, 427].   New Haven Yale University Press Goff, Beatrice Laura 1963 Symbols of Prehistoric Mesopotamia. [Especially: Fi-gures 76, 78, 277, 278, 388, 539, 541, 699, 703, 718].   New Haven Yale University Press Gunter, Ann C. 2002 Animals in Anatolian Art. In Collins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 79-96.   Leiden Brill Jacobsen, Thorkild 1968 The Battle between Marduk and Tiamat.   Journal of the American Oriental So-ciety, Volume 88, Number 1, January-March 1968, pp. 104-108 Kaplan, Maureen F. 1976 Another Slaying of Tiamat?   Israel Exploration Journal, Volume 26, Number 4, 1976, pp. 174-177 Koh, Sejin 1994 An Archaeological Investigation of the Snake Cult in the Southern Levant: The Chalcolithic Period through the Iron Age. PhD Dissertation.   Chicago University of Chicago Leick, Gwendolyn 1991 A Dictionary of Ancient Near Eastern Mythology. (1996-1998: Reprint editions: Routledge, London).   London Routledge McDonald, Diana Krumholz 1994 The Serpent as Healer: Theriac and Ancient Near Eastern Pottery. [Especially: Figure 1].   Source: Notes in the History of Art, Volume 13, Number 4, Essays for Dr. Edith Porada, Summer 1994, pp. 21-27 Münnich, Maciej 2005 The Cult of Bronze Serpents in Ancient Canaan and Israel. In Iggud: Selected Essays in Jewish Studies, 2005, pp. 39-56. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 16].   Jerusalem The World Union of Jewish Studies Ornan, Tallay 2005 The Triumph of the Symbol: Pictorial Representation of Deities in Mesopotamia and the Biblical Image Ban.   Fribourg Academic Press Pancaroğlu, Oya 2004 The Itinerant Dragon-Slayer: Forging Paths of Image and Identity in Medieval Anatolia. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12; Plate 2].   Gesta, Volume 43, Number 2, 2004, pp. 151-164 Parrot, André 1960 Sumer. (L'univers des formes. Tome I). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1961].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Author 1961 Assur. (L'univers des formes. Tome II). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1961].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Author 1961 Sumer: The Dawn of Art. (The Arts of Mankind. Volume I). (1960, French; Translated by Stuart Gilbert and James Em-mons). [Especially: Figures 10, 11, 52, 53, 98A, 98B, 168B, 168C, 168D, 284, 289, 290, 369, 370, 373, 388, 395B, 395D, 401, 416].   New York Golden Press Same Author 1961 The Arts of Assyria. (The Arts of Mankind. Volume II). (1961, French; Translated by Stuart Gilbert and James Em-mons). [Especially: Figures 48, 91, 188, 216, 221B, 222, 230, 241].   New York Golden Press Renz, Barbara 1930 Der orientalische Schlangendrache: Ein Beitrag zum Verständnis der Schlange im biblischen Paradies.   Augsburg Verlag Literarisches Institut Von Haas & Grabherr Rizza, Alfredo 2007 The Assyrians and the Babylonians: History and Trea-sures of an Ancient Civilization. [Especially: Figures on pp. 6-7, 27, 43 center, 102 right, 103 left, 103 right, 105, 136 bottom, 172-173].   Vercelli White Star Scurlock, JoAnn 2002 Animals in Ancient Mesopotamian Religion. In Col-lins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 361-388.   Leiden Brill Stevens, Karel 1984 De iconografie van de slang in Mesopotamië vanaf het vijfde millenium voor Christus tot het einde van de Akka-dische periode. Magisterarbeit. Volumes I-II.   Königstein Ulrike Helmer Verlag Tesei Tommaso 2010 Survival and Christianization of the Gilgamesh Quest for Immortality in the Tale of Alexander and the Fountain of Life.   Rivista degli Studi Orientali, Nuova Serie, Volume 83, Fascicle 1/4, 2010, pp. 417-440 Van Buren, Elizabeth Douglas 1934 The God Ningizzida. [Especially: Figure 1; Plates IX, X, XI].   Iraq, Volume 10, Number 1, April 1934, pp. 60-89 Same Author 1935 Entwined Serpents. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12].   Archiv für Orientforschung, Volume 10, 1935, pp. 53-65 Same Author 1937 The Scorpion in Mesopotamian Art and Religion. [Especially: Figures 8, 10, 11, 20, 22].   Archiv für Orientforschung, Volume 12, 1937, pp. 1-28 Same Author 1939 The Fauna of Ancient Mesopotamia as Represented in Art.   Rome Pontificium Institutum Biblicum Same Author 1945 Symbols of Gods in Mesopotamian Art.   Rome Pontificium Institutum Biblicum Same Author 1946 The Dragon in Ancient Mesopotamia. [Especially: Pla-tes I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII].   Orientalia, Nova Series, Volume 15, 1946, pp. 1-45 Same Author 1947 A Further Note on the Dragon in Ancient Mesopotamia. [Especially: Plate IX].   Orientalia, Nova Series, Volume 16, Number 2, 1947, pp. 251-253 Same Author 1955 How Representations of Battles of the Gods Developed.   Orientalia, Nova Series, Volume 24, Number 1, 1955, pp. 24-41 Ward, William Hayes 1898 Bel and the Dragon. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 18].   The American Journal of Semitic Lan-guages and Literatures, Volume 14, Number 2, January 1898, pp. 94-105 Winitzer, Abraham 2013 Etana in Eden: New Light on the Mesopotamian and Bibli-cal Tales in Their Semitic Context.   Journal of the American Oriental So-ciety, Volume 133, Number 3, July-September 2013, pp. 441-465 ⯅ Seminal Works ⯅ Comparative & General Studies ⯅ Greco-Roman World ⯅ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯅ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯆ Egypt ⯆ Biblical Tradition ⯆ Arabia & Early Islam ⯆ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯆ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯆ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯆ China, Korea & Japan « ● EGYPT ● » Boutantin, Céline 2013 Terres cuites et culte domestique: Bestiaire de l’Égypte gréco-romaine.   Leiden Brill Broekhuis, Jan 1971 De godin Renenwetet.   Assen Van Gorcum Budge, E.A. Wallis 1895 The Egyptian Book of the Dead: The Papyrus of Ani in the British Museum. The Egyptian Text with Interlinear Transliteration and Translation, a Running Translation, In-troduction, etc. (1967-2018: Reprint editions: Dover Publica-tions, New York). [Especially: Figures on pp. 248, 253.1, 256.1, 260, 264.1, 266.6, 277.2, 280].   London Trustees of the British Museum Germond, Philippe and Jacques Livet 2001 Bestiaire égyptien.   Paris Éditions Citadelles et Mazenod Same Authors 2001 An Egyptian Bestiary: Animals in Life and Religion in the Land of the Pharaohs. (2001, French; Translated by Barbara Mellor).   London Thames & Hudson Griffiths, J. Gwyn 1961 The Death of Cleopatra VII. [Especially: Plate IX].   The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Volume 47, December 1961, pp. 113-118 Hagen, Rose-Marie and Rainer Hagen 1999 Egypt: People · Gods · Pharaohs. [Especially: Figures on pp. 8-9, 21 top, 21 bottom, 22 top, 26, 27, 37, 38, 40, 42 top, 43, 44 right, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51 bottom, 52, 59 bottom, 66, 69 top, 70, 85, 91 top, 108, 140 top, 140 bottom, 145 top, 153, 161, 162 bottom, 166 bottom right, 169, 171, 172, 174 top, 174 bottom, 175, 177, 178 left, 180, 181 right, 185 top, 185 bottom, 186 top, 186 bottom, 187 bottom, 189, 197 top, 197 bottom, 200 top left, 200 top right, 201 top, 200 top, 203, 205 top, 206 right, 227].   Cologne Taschen Hardwick, Tom 2009 The Roman Uraeus. [Especially: Figures 1, 2].   The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Volume 95, 2009, pp. 254-257 Hopfner, Theodor 1913 Der Tierkult der alten Ägypter nach den griechisch-römischen Berichten und den wichtigeren Denkmälern.   Wien Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften Houlihan, Patrick F. 1996 The Animal World of the Pharaohs.   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 2002 Animals in Egyptian Art and Hieroglyphs. In Collins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 97-144. [Especially: Figures 3.1, 3.9].   Leiden Brill Johnson, Sally Barber 1990 The Cobra Goddess of Ancient Egypt: Predynastic, Ear-ly Dynastic, and Old Kingdom Periods.   London Kegan Paul International Keimer, Ludwig (Louis) 1947 Histoires de serpents dans l'Égypte ancienne et mo-derne.   Cairo Institut français d'archéologie orientale Kerkeslager, Allen 2001 The Apophis Snake on a Coin of Domitian from Ale-xandria (BMC Alexandria 348; RPC 2, 2756). [Especially: Plate 51].   The Numismatic Chronicle, Volume 161, 2001, pp. 287-290 Leitz, Christian 1997 Die Schlangennamen in den ägyptischen und grie-chischen Giftbüchern.   Stuttgart Franz Steiner Verlag Lurker, Manfred 1964 Symbole der alten Ägypter: Einführung und kleines Wörterbuch.   Weilheim Otto Wilhelm Barth Verlag Same Author 1974 Lexikon der Götter und Symbole der alten Ägypter: Handbuch der mystischen und magischen Welt Ägyptens.   Weilheim Otto Wilhelm Barth Verlag Same Author 1980 An Illustrated Dictionary of the Gods and Symbols of Ancient Egypt. (1974, German; Translated by Barbara Cummmings). [Especially: Articles Animal, Apophis, Cat, Crocodile, Crowns, Darkness, Eye, Frog, Ichneumon, Mert-seger, Nekhbet, Renenutet, Rope, Serpent, Snake, Solar Eye, Spiral, Suchos, Uraeus, Wadjet, Wedjat-Eye, Winged Disc; Figures on pp. 17, 24 top, 27, 29, 30, 38 top, 38 bottom, 43 bottom, 44, 47 bottom, 49, 60, 61 bottom, 65, 67, 71, 78 top, 86, 105 bottom, 108, 109, 111, 117, 125, 126].   London Thames & Hudson Malek, Jaromir 2003 Egypt: 4000 Years of Art. [Especially: Figures on pp. 30, 32, 33, 36, 43, 60-61, 74, 89, 96, 105, 106, 113, 120, 121, 126, 136, 138, 141, 142-143, 156-157, 161, 175, 176, 178, 179, 190, 193, 195, 198-199, 200-201, 203, 204, 206, 207, 214, 220, 225, 230, 234, 235, 236, 238-239, 245, 259, 260, 265, 267, 272-273, 274, 275, 277, 278, 281, 283, 292, 296, 307, 309, 330, 334, 344, 352, 353, 356].   London Phaidon Press Michalowski, Kazimierz 1968 Art of Ancient Egypt. (Translated and adapted from the Polish and French by Norbert Guterman). [Especially: Figures 14, 15a, 30, 35, 38, 41, 42, 51, 68, 69, 84, 90, 91, 94, 100, 101, 103, 104, 106, 107, 115, 117, 121, 126, 127, 132, 134, 136, 177, 178, 179, 196, 234, 256, 267, 270, 275, 304, 309, 311, 314, 315, 333, 334, 335, 336, 338, 340, 345, 351, 363, 368, 370, 371, 373, 385, 386, 391, 392, 415, 440, 443, 445, 447, 450, 454, 460, 465, 471, 472, 474, 475, 476, 477, 482, 484, 502, 504, 505, 512, 513, 515, 518, 529, 541, 542, 544, 546, 548, 549, 550, 553, 556, 557, 558, 559, 581, 603, 605, 606, 611, 612, 615, 617, 618, 621, 623, 641, 642, 645, 650, 651, 652, 654, 655, 656, 657, 659, 660, 661, 662, 663, 664, 665, 669, 670, 672, 673, 674, 678, 680, 681, 682, 684, 689, 691, 718, 724, 744, 745, 749, 750, 751, 790, 791, 794, 795, 796, 827, 940; Charts II, III, IV, V].   New York Harry N. Abrams Ritner, Robert K. 2006 "And Each Staff Transformed into a Snake": The Ser-pent Wand in Ancient Egypt. In Szpakowska, Kasia, ed., Through a Glass Darkly: Magic, Dreams and Prophecy in Ancient Egypt, 2006, pp. 205-226.   Swansea The Classical Press of Wales Roblee, Mark 2018 Performing Circles in Ancient Egypt from Mehen to Ouroboros.   Preternature: Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural, Volume 7, Number 2, 2018, pp. 133-153 Schulz, Regine and Matthias Seidel, eds. 2004 Egypt: The World of the Pharaohs. [Especially: Frontispiece; Figures 13 on p. 15, 34 on p. 27, 38 on p. 29, 50 on p. 34, 3 on p. 42, 13 on p. 49, 60 on p. 74, 61 on p. 75, 66 on p. 77, 76 on p. 83, 84 on p. 88, 3 on p. 106, 4 on p. 106, 6 on p. 107, 10 on p. 110, 11 on pp. 110-111, 14 on p. 112, 23 on p. 117, 55 on p. 132, 56 on p. 134, 57 on p. 134, 60 on p. 136, 62 on p. 138, 65 on p. 140, 1 on p. 142, 3 on p. 144, 4 on p. 145, 5 on p. 147, 7 on p. 148, 9 on p. 150, 10 on p. 151, 21 on p. 159, 27 on p. 163, 30 on p. 164, 38 on p. 168, 39 on p. 169, 40 on p. 169, 41 on p. 169, 44 on p. 170, 46 on p. 172, 47 on p. 173, 51 on p. 174, 52 on p. 174, 58 on p. 177, 59 on p. 177, 60 on p. 178, 64 on p. 180, 65 on p. 181, 71 on p. 185, 73 on p. 186, 79 on p. 189, 80 on p. 191, 87 on p. 194, 91 on p. 196, 101 on p. 201, 104 on p. 203, 107 on p. 205, 109 on p. 206, 112 on p. 207, 117 on p. 209, 118 on p. 209, 119 on p. 210, 124 on p. 212, 125 on p. 213, 127 on p. 214, 128 on p. 215, 130 on p. 215, 134 on p. 218, 138 on p. 221, 139 on p. 221, 140 on p. 222, 141 on p. 223, 142 on p. 223, 143 on pp. 224-225, 144 on p. 226, 149 on p. 228, 150 on p. 228, 155 on p. 230, 158 on p. 232, 159 on p. 232, 160 on p. 232, 162 on p. 233, 163 on p. 233, 164 on p. 234, 169 on p. 237, 172 on p. 238, 177 on p. 239, 179 on p. 240, 180 on p. 241, 181 on p. 241, 184 on p. 242, 188 on p. 245, 190 on p. 245, 192 on p. 247, 193 on p. 247, 206 on p. 255, 226 on p. 263, 1 on p. 270, 3 on p. 272, 5 on p. 274, 6 on p. 275, 7 on p. 276, 9 on p. 278, 12 on p. 279, 14 on p. 280, 23 on p. 284, 26 on p. 286, 28 on p. 287, 35 on p. 289, 36 on p. 289, 4 on p. 294, 5 on p. 294, 12 on p. 300, 14 on p. 301, 20 on p. 303, 24 on p. 304, 29 on p. 305, 30 on p. 306, 31 on p. 306, 32 on p. 307, 45 on p. 313, 46 on p. 313, 60 on p. 319, 1 on p. 322, 2 on p. 323, 4 on p. 325, 5 on p. 326, 6 on p. 327, 7 on p. 328, 8 on p. 329, 12 on p. 332, 19 on p. 336, 21 on p. 337, 25 on p. 338, 36 on p. 347, 44 on pp. 350-351, 114 on p. 395, 9 on p. 422, 13 on p. 424, 18 on p. 428, 19 on p. 428, 20 on p. 429, 21 on p. 430, 23 on p. 432, 25 on p. 434, 27 on p. 436, 30 on p. 437, 31 on p. 438, 36 on p. 441, 38 on p. 442, 42 on pp. 446-447, 46 on p. 450, 48 on p. 452, 52 on p. 454, 58 on p. 457, 71 on p. 466, 99 on p. 476, 100 on p. 476, 101 on p. 476, 102 on p. 477, 120 on p. 489].   Königs- winter Könemann Shorter, Alan W. 1935 The God Nehebkau. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3].   The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Volume 21, Number 1, September 1935, pp. 41-48 Smith, W. Stevenson 1958 The Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt. (1981-1998: Revised editions: Yale University Press, New Haven). [Especially: Figures 14, 17, 36, 43, 49, 50, 82, 93, 112, 113, 160, 179, 181, 203, 204, 222, 231, 256, 257, 261, 269, 270, 288.b, 203, 204, 301, 302, 316, 324, 325, 326, 336, 338, 339, 340, 345, 346, 352, 361, 367, 372, 373, 391, 392, 409, 410, 415].   Harmonds- worth Penguin Books Teeter, Emily 2002 Animals in Egyptian Literature. In Collins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 251-270.   Leiden Brill Same Author 2002 Animals in Egyptian Religion. In Collins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 335-360. [Especially: Table 12.1; Figures 12.1, 12.2, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7, 12.8].   Leiden Brill Tiradritti, Francesco 2008 Egyptian Wall Painting. (Translated from the Italian by Marguerite Shore). [Especially: Figures on pp. 15 right, 23, 28, 34-35, 38, 46-47, 48, 66, 67, 74, 82, 96, 165-165, 176 bottom, 197, 210-211, 212-213, 227, 234-235, 236, 237, 258-259, 266-267, 268-269, 270, 271, 272, 274, 275, 281, 286-287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292-293, 294-295, 296, 305, 306-307, 310, 312-313, 314-315, 316-317, 318-319, 343, 344, 346, 348, 353, 358-359, 360, 361, 362-363, 364-365, 369, 373].   New York Abbeville Press Wasserman, James et al. 1994 The Egyptian Book of the Dead: The Book of Going Forth by Day. The Complete Papyrus of Ani Featuring Integ-rated Text and Full-Color Images. (1998: Second revised edition: Chronicle Books, San Francisco). [Especially: Plates 4, 9, 10, 11, 18, 19, 27, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36].   San Fran- cisco Chronicle Books Weeks, Kent R., ed. 2001 The Treasures of the Valley of the Kings: Tombs and Temples of the Theban West Bank in Luxor. [Especially: Figu-res on p. 7, 8, 10, 12-17, 20-21, 31, 42 bottom, 42-43, 44 left, 56 bottom left, 62 bottom left, 62 bottom right, 65, 68-69, 74 top left, 75, 76 top, 83, 87, 90 bottom, 93, 94-95, 95 center, 101, 106, 108-109, 113, 118-119, 124 top, 124-125, 126-127, 127 bottom, 130-131, 136-137, 137 right, 138-139, 139 bottom, 140 left, 141 top, 142 top, 142 bottom, 142-143, 143 bottom left, 144 top, 144 bottom, 144-145, 146-147, 148-149, 149 top, 151-153, 154, 155, 156 bottom, 156-157, 158 right, 159, 160-161, 161 bottom, 162 bottom, 162-163, 172 bottom, 172-173, 176-177, 177 bottom, 178, 180-181, 181 bottom, 182, 183-186, 190, 191, 192 top, 192 bottom, 192-193, 193 bottom, 194, 196 top, 197 bottom, 198 bottom, 198-199, 200-201, 202 top, 202 bottom, 202-203, 206 top, 206 bottom, 207 top, 208-209, 211, 213 top, 213 bottom, 214 top, 217 top right, 218 top left, 219, 222 left, 223, 224-225, 226-227, 227 top left, 227 top right, 228-229, 229 bottom, 230, 230-231, 232-233, 233, 234 top, 236 left, 236 top, 236 right, 237, 239 bottom, 240 bottom, 244-245, 245 bottom right, 246, 247-250, 251, 252 top, 253 bottom, 255 top right, 256, 256-257, 257 bottom left, 257 bottom right, 259 bottom, 260 top, 261 bottom, 262-264, 266 bottom, 268 bottom, 268-269, 275, 277, 282 left, 290-291, 292-293, 294-295, 298-299, 300, 302-304, 306-307, 308 bottom, 308-309, 311, 312, 313, 314, 314-315, 316, 316-317, 318 bottom left, 318 bottom right, 318-319, 319 bottom, 320-321, 322 top, 323 bottom, 327 bottom, 329 bottom right, 331 bottom, 332 top, 332 bottom, 333 bottom, 335 bottom, 344-345, 348-349, 350-351, 357, 361 bottom, 390-391, 406-407, 419].   Cairo The American University in Cairo Press West, John Anthony 1993 Serpent in the Sky: The High Wisdom of Ancient Egypt.   Wheaton Quest Books Wilkinson, Richard H. 2003 The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. [Especially: Chapter V: The Catalogue of Deities, Part 7: Rep-tile, Amphibian and Fish Deities, pp. 218-229; Frontispiece; Figures on pp. 6-7, 10-11, 13 bottom left, 14 left, 20, 21 left, 25 right, 26 bottom, 27 bottom left, 27 bottom right, 28 top, 30-31, 31, 33, 34 top, 34 bottom, 36, 37 top, 38 bottom, 42 bottom right, 43 bottom, 44 top, 47 right, 48 top, 51 right, 52-53, 55 bottom, 56, 57 left, 57 right, 60, 62-63, 63, 66-67, 67, 68-69, 74, 74-75, 75 top, 75 bottom, 76 bottom right, 79 bottom, 80, 83 bottom, 84-85, 89 bottom, 91 top, 93, 95, 96, 99 top, 99 bottom, 100 left, 105, 107, 108-109, 109 bottom left, 109 bottom right, 112 top, 113, 115 left, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121 top left, 121 top right, 123 bottom, 125 top, 128 bottom, 132 left, 133 left, 134, 135 bottom, 140, 141 right, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 151 left, 152, 153 bottom, 154, 155 bottom, 160 left, 162-163, 163, 171 top, 173, 175 top, 176 bottom, 177 top left, 177 top middle, 177 top right, 179 botttom left, 177 bottom right, 182 top, 183, 184, 191 bottom left, 191 bottom right, 197, 199, 201 left, 202 bottom left, 203, 204, 205, 206-207, 207 top right, 208 bottom, 210 top, 211 top, 212 left, 213 bottom, 214 top right, 214 bottom, 218 top left, 218 top right, 219, 230 top, 230 bottom left, 220 bottom right, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225 left, 225 right, 226, 227 left, 227 right, 228, 229 bottom left, 229 bottom right, 236-237, 238, 239].   London Thames & Hudson Zimmermann, Friedrich 1912 Der ägyptische Tierkult nach der Darstellung der Kir-chenschriftsteller und die ägyptischen Denkmäler. Inaugu-ral-Dissertation.   Kirchhain-Niederlau-sitz Max Schmersow ⯅ Seminal Works ⯅ Comparative & General Studies ⯅ Greco-Roman World ⯅ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯅ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯅ Egypt ⯆ Biblical Tradition ⯆ Arabia & Early Islam ⯆ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯆ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯆ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯆ China, Korea & Japan « ● BIBLICAL TRADITION ● » Angel, Andrew R. 2006 Chaos and the Son of Man: The Hebrew Chaoskampf Tradition in the Period 515 BCE to 200 CE.   London T&T Clark Same Author 2014 Playing with Dragons: Living with Suffering and God.   Eugene Wipf & Stock Publishers Anonymous 1972 Fauna and Flora of the Bible.   London United Bible Societies Ansell, Nicholas 2017 "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find The(ir Wis-do)m". Behemoth and Leviathan in the Book of Job. In van Bekkum, Koert et al., eds., Playing with Leviathan: Inter-pretation and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World, 2017, pp. 90-116.   Leiden Brill Athnos, Gregory S. 2011 The Art of the Roman Catacombs: Themes of Deliveran-ce in the Age of Persecution. [Especially: Figures 8, 19, 20, 25, 26, 27, 34].   Parker Outskirts Press Ballentine, Debra Scoggins 2015 The Conflict Myth and the Biblical Tradition.   New York Oxford University Press Baruffa, Antonio 1993 The Catacombs of St. Callixtus: History - Archaeology - Faith. (Translated from the Italian by William Purdy; 2000: Second edition: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City; 2006: Third edition: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Vatican City). [Especially: Figures on pp. 82 top, 82 bottom, 124 bottom].   Vatican City Libreria Editrice Vaticana Beck, John A., ed. 2011 Zondervan Dictionary of Biblical Imagery. [Especially: Article Snake (Serpent, Viper)].   Grand Rapids HarperCollins Publishers Beckwith, John 1970 Early Christian and Byzantine Art. (1979: Second editi-on: Yale University Press, New Haven). [Especially: Figures 7, 10, 11, 27, 28, 35, 39, 41, 192, 195, 259].   Harmonds- worth Penguin Books Bergmann, Claudia 2004 The Ability/Inability to Eat: Determining Life and Death in Bel et Draco.   Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman Period, Volume 35, Number 3, 2004, pp. 262-283 Bloch-Smith, Elizabeth 2014 Acculturating Gender Roles: Goddess Images as Con-veyors of Culture in Ancient Israel. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconogra-phic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 1-18.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Bodenheimer, Friedrich Simon 1960, 1972 Animal and Man in Bible Lands. Volumes I-II.   Leiden Brill Bonfiglio, Ryan P. 2015 Divine Warrior or Persian King? The Archer Metaphor in Zechariah 9. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introduction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 227-241.   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Bonnell, John K. 1917 The Serpent with a Human Head in Art and in Mystery Play. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10].   American Journal of Archaeology, Volume 21, Number 3, July-Septem-ber 1917, pp. 255-291 Breiner, Laurence A. 1979 The Career of the Cockatrice. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3].   Isis, Volume 70, Number 1, March 1979, pp. 30-47 Busch, Peter 1996 Der gefallene Drache: Mythenexegese am Beispiel von Apokalypse 12.   Tübingen A. Francke Verlag Cansdale, George Soper 1970 Animals of Bible Lands.   Exeter Paternoster Press Chan, Michael J. and Maria Metzler 2014 Lions and Leopards and Bears, O My: Re-Reading Isa-iah 11:6-9 in Light of Comparative Iconographic and Lite-rary Evidence. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconographic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 196-225. [Especially: Figure 3].   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Charbonneau-Lassay, Louis 1940 Le bestiaire du Christ. La mystérieuse emblématique de Jésus-Christ. Mille cent cinquante-sept figures gravées sur bois par l'auteur. (1974: Reprint edition: L.J. Toth, Milan; 1975-1994: Reprint editions: Archè, Milan; 2006-2014: Re-print editions: Éditions Albin Michel, Paris).   Paris Éditions Desclée de Brouwer Same Author 1991 The Bestiary of Christ. With Woodcuts by the Author. (1940, French; Translated and abridged by D.M. Dooling).   New York Parabola Books Charlesworth, James H. 2006 Prolegomenous Reflections on Ophidian Iconogra-phy, Symbology, and New Testament Theology. In Fotopoulos, J., ed., The New Testament and Early Christian Literature in Greco-Roman Context. Supplements to Novum Testamentum 122, 2006, pp. 315-329.   Leiden Brill Same Author 2009 The Symbology of the Serpent in the Gospel of John. In Anderson, P., F. Just, and T. Thatcher, eds., John, Jesus, and History. Volume II: Aspects of Historicity in the Fourth Gospel, 2009, pp. 63-72.   Atlanta Society of Biblical Literature Collins, Adela Yarbro 2001 The Combat Myth in the Book of Revelation.   Eugene Wipf & Stock Publishers Collins, John Joseph and Adela Yarbro Collins 1993 Bel and the Serpent. In Collins, John Joseph, Adela Yarbro Collins, and Cross Frank Moore, ed., Daniel: A Commentary on the Book of Daniel, 1993, pp. 405-419.   Minneapolis Fortress Press Colwell, Ernest Cadman 1935 The Fourth Gospel and Early Christian Art.   The Journal of Religion, Volume 15, Number 2, April 1935, pp. 191-206 Cox, Harvey 1967 On Not Leaving It to the Snake.   New York Macmillan Daas, Martha M. 2008 From Holy Hostess to Dragon Tamer: The Anomaly of Saint Martha.   Literature and Theology, Volume 22, Number 1, March 2008, pp. 1-15 Davies, Le Grande 1986 Serpent Imagery in Ancient Israel: The Relationship Between the Literature and the Physical Remains. PhD Dis-sertation.   Salt Lake City The University of Utah de Hulster, Izaak J. 2014 A God of the Mountains? An Iconographic Perspective on the Aramean Argument in 1 Kings 20:23. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconogra-phic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 226-250. [Especially: Figure 10].   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Same Author 2014 Appendix: Practical Resources for Iconographic Exegesis. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconographic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 285-295.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Same Author 2015 "A Monument and a Name": Isaiah 56 and the Aniconic Image. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/ Old Testament: An Introduction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 181-196. [Especially: Figures 9.13a, 9.13b].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Same Author 2015 Iconography, Love Poetry, and Bible Translation: A Test Case with Song of Songs 7:2-6. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introducti-on to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 313-328. [Especially: Figure 17.2].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Same Author 2015 Of Angels and Iconography: Isaiah 6 and the Biblical Concept of Seraphs and Cherubs. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introduc-tion to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 147-164. [Especially: Figures 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9. 7.10, 7.11, 7.12, 7.13, 7.14, 7.15, 7.26].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Same Author 2015 Picturing Ancient Israel's Cosmic Geography: An Ico-nographic Perspective on Genesis 1:1-2:4a. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Icono-graphic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An In-troduction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 45-61. [Especially: Figures 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.8].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht de Hulster, Izaak J. and Brent A. Strawn 2015 Figuring Yhwh in Unusual Ways: Deuteronomy 32 and Other Mixed Metaphors for God in the Old Testament. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introduction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 117-133. [Especially: Figures 5.4, 5.5, 5.6].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Same Authors 2015 The Power of Images: Isaiah 60, Jerusalem, and Persian Imperial Propaganda. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introduction to Its The-ory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 197-215.   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio 2015 Introduction: Iconographic Exegesis: Method and Practi-ce. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bon-figlio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introduction to Its Theory, Method, and Prac-tice, 2015, pp. 19-42. [Especially: Figures 4, 5, 6].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds. 2015 Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Tes-tament: An Introduction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice.   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon 2014 Introduction: The Interpretive Nexus of Image and Text. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconographic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. xix-xxiv.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds. 2014 Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconographic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Dekker, Jaap 2017 God and the Dragons in the Book of Isaiah. In van Bekkum, Koert et al., eds., Playing with Leviathan: Inter-pretation and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World, 2017, pp. 21-39.   Leiden Brill Demougeot, Émilienne 1986 La symbolique du lion et du serpent sur les solidi des empéreurs d'occident de la première motié du Ve siècle.   Revue numismatique, Series 6, Volu-me 28, 1986, pp. 94-118 Dijkstra, Meindert 2014 The Ivory Beds and Houses of Samaria in Amos. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconographic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 178-195.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Doak, Brian R. 2015 Monster Violence in the Book of Job.   Journal of Religion and Violence, Vo-lume 3, Number 2, 2015, pp. 269-288 Drewer, Lois 1981 Leviathan, Behemoth and Ziz: A Christian Adaptation. [Especially: Figures 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, 15e, 16a, 16c, 17a, 17b, 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d].   Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, Volume 44, 1981, pp. 148-156 Durand, Jannic 2004 Byzantine Art. (Translated from the French by Murray Wy-llie). [Especially: Figures on pp. 103, 118, 195].   Paris Éditions Terrail Ehresmann, Donald 1967 The Brazen Serpent: A Reformation Motif in the Works of Lucas Cranach the Elder and His Workshop.   Marsyas: Studies in the History of Art, Volume 13, 1967, pp. 32-47 Elstein, Yoav 1991 "A Pearl Inside a Snake's Mouth" - On the Function of a Motifeme of Gnostic Origin in Rabbinic Aggadah and in "The Tale of Three and Four", Second Version, by Bialik. [In He-brew; Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3].   Jerusalem Studies in Jewish Folklore, 1991, pp. 181-203 Erskine, Thomas 1831 The Brazen Serpent; or, Life Coming through Death.   Edinburgh Waugh & Innes Evans, Edward Payson 1896 Animal Symbolism in Ecclesiastical Architecture. With a Bibliography and Seventy-Eight Illustrations. [Espe-cially: Figures on pp. 65, 69, 70, 80, 81, 85, 87, 101, 103, 159, 160].   New York Henry Holt & Company Farbridge, Maurice H. 1923 Studies in Biblical and Semitic Symbolism. (2007: Re-print edition: Wipf & Stock Publishers, Eugene). [Especially: Chapter III: The Animal Kingdom, pp. 53-84; Index: Animals as Symbols, pp. 7, 20, 53 ff.; Apophis, p. 73; Beasts, Worship of, p. 56 f.; Bestiaries, p. 53; Cobra, p. 72; Coins, Symbols on, pp. 28, 41, 76; Dragon, pp. 8, 53, 74, 160, 197; Hindu Reli-gion, Serpent in, p. 72; Leviathan, pp. 74, 75; Nehushtan, p. 75 f.; Rahab, p. 74; Rain, Connected with the Serpent, p. 72; Reptiles, pp. 56, 71; Serpent, pp. 20, 53, 60, 71 ff., 160 f., 174, 175, 194, 195; Snake Dances, p. 72; Tiamat, pp. 74, 102, 109, 195, 206].   London Routledge, Trench, Trübner & Company Ferber, Stanley 1966 Crucifixion Iconography in a Group of Carolingian Ivory Plaques. [Especially: Figures 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11].   The Art Bulletin, Volume 48, Number 3/4, December 1966, pp. 323-334 Ferguson, George 1954 Signs and Symbols in Christian Art. [Especially: Sec-tion I: Animals, Birds, and Insects; Articles Basilisk, Dolphin, Dragon (Serpent), Frog, Scorpion, Whale; Index: Basilisk, p. 11; Dolphin, p. 15; Dragon, pp. 16, 121f., 131, 140, 144; Plates 74, 80, 92; Frog, p. 19; Scorpion, p. 24; Serpent, pp. 101, 108; Snake, pp. 45, 126; Plate 86; Whale, pp. 15, 26, 66].   New York Oxford University Press Finney, Paul Corby 1994 The Invisible God: The Earliest Christians on Art. [Especi-ally: Front cover; Figures 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 6.32, 6.37, 6.87, 7.4, 7.5].   New York Oxford University Press Finney, Paul Corby, ed. 2017 The Eerdmans Encyclopedia of Early Christian Art and Archaeology. Volumes I-III.   Grand Rapids William B. Eerdmans Publishing Fiocchi Nicolai, Vincenzo, Fabrizio Bisconti, and Danilo Mazzoleni 1999 The Christian Catacombs of Rome: History, Decorati-on, Inscriptions. (Translated from the Italian by Cristina Car-lo Stella and Lori-Ann Touchette; 2009: Third edition: Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg). [Especially: Figures 15, 52, 82, 100, 101, 105, 107, 108, 109, 111, 116, 117, 118; Plate II].   Regensburg Schnell & Steiner Forsyth, Neil 1987 The Old Enemy: Satan and the Combat Myth.   Princeton Princeton University Press Gansell, Amy Rebecca 2014 The Iconography of Ideal Feminine Beauty Represen-ted in the Hebrew Bible and Iron Age Levantine Ivory Sculp-ture. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconographic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 46-70.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Gardiner, Philip and Gary Osborn 2005 The Serpent Grail: The Truth Behind the Holy Grail, the Philosopher's Stone and the Elixir of Life.   London Watkins Publishing Gauer, Werner 1995 Konstantin und die Geschichte zu den "Spolien" am Konstantinsbogen und zur Schlangensäule. In Wacht, Manfred, ed., Panchaia: Festschrift für Klaus Thraede, 1995, pp. 131-140.   Münster Aschendorff Verlag Geddes, Arthur 1945 Creation, and the Blessing or the Curse Upon Fruit-fulness: An Anthropogeographical Interpretation of Gene-sis I-III.   Man, Volume 45, November-Decem-ber 1945, pp. 123-128 Goodenough, Erwin Ramsdell 1953- 1968 Jewish Symbols in the Greco-Roman Period. Volumes I-III: The Archeological Evidence from Palestine and the Dias-pora; Volume IV: The Problem of Method; Symbols from Jewish Cult; Volumes V-VI: Fish, Bread, and Wine; Volumes VII-VIII: Pagan Symbols in Judaism; Volumes IX-XI: Sym-bolism in the Dura Synagogue; Volume XII: Summary and Conclusions; Volume XIII: Indexes and Maps.   New York Pantheon Books Same Author 1958 A Jewish-Gnostic Amulet of the Roman Period. [Espe-cially: Figure 8].   Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies, Volume 1, Number 1, 1958, pp. 71-80 Same Author 1988 Jewish Symbols in the Greco-Roman Period. Abridged Edition. (Edited, with a Foreword by Jacob Neusner). [Especi-ally: Figures 20, 39, 40, 81].   Princeton Princeton University Press Grabar, André 1966 Byzantium: From the Death of Theodosius to the Rise of Is-lam. (The Arts of Mankind. Volume X). (1966, French; Tran-slated by Stuart Gilbert and James Emmons). [Especially: Figures 106, 119, 192, 270, 291, 300, 329, 344, 380, 383, 390].   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1966 L'âge d'or de Justinien. De la mort de Théodose à l'Islam. (L'univers des formes. Tome X). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1966].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Author 1966 Le premier art chrétien. (200-395). (L'univers des for-mes. Tome IX). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1968].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Author 1968 Christian Iconography: A Study of Its Origins. [Especial-ly: Plates 2, 3, 4, 22, 27, 28, 29, 30, 34, 35, 39, 40, 58, 62, 76, 85, 210, 214, 218, 268, 335, 337].   Princeton Princeton University Press Same Author 1968 Early Christian Art: From the Rise of Christianity to the Death of Theodosius. (The Arts of Mankind. Volume IX). (1966, French; Translated by Stuart Gilbert and James Em-mons). [Especially: Figures 19, 23, 31, 35, 64, 72, 73, 78, 80, 87, 100, 101, 123, 130, 132, 133, 136, 140, 147, 148, 153, 200, 228, 229, 251, 265, 268, 273, 283, 291, 304].   New York Odyssey Press Gruber, Johann Nepomuk 1864 Die Ophiten oder Schlangenbrüder. Historische Inau-gural-Abhandlung.   Würzburg C. J. Becker'schen Buchdruckerei Gunkel, Hermann 1895 Schöpfung und Chaos in Urzeit und Endzeit: Eine reli-gionsgeschichtliche Untersuchung über Gen 1 und Ap Jon 12.   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Same Author 2006 Creation and Chaos in the Primeval Era and the Es-chaton: A Religio-Historical Study of Genesis 1 and Revela-tion 12. (1895, German; Translated by K. William Whitney Jr.).   Grand Rapids William B. Eerdmans Publishing Haak, Kees 2017 The Dragon/Snake in Myth, Religion and Mission. Fear of Death Defeated by the Message of Life. In van Bek-kum, Koert et al., eds., Playing with Leviathan: Interpretati-on and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World, 2017, pp. 233-248.   Leiden Brill Haney, Kristine Edmondson 1985 The Christ and the Beasts Panel on the Ruthwell Cross.   Anglo-Saxon England, Volume 14, 1985, pp. 215-231 Hanson, Richard S. 1972 The Serpent Was Wiser: A New Look at Genesis 1-11.   Minneapolis Augsburg Fortress Publishers Heck, Christian and Rémy Cordonnier 2012 The Grand Medieval Bestiary: Animals in Illuminated Manuscripts.   New York Abbeville Press Henry, Marie-Louise 1958 Das Tier im religiösen Bewusstein des alttestament-lichen Menschen.   Tübingen Mohr Siebeck Hönig, Adolf 1889 Die Ophiten. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des jüdischen Gnosticismus. Inaugural-Dissertation.   Berlin Itzkowski Verlag Hood Ralph W. and W. Paul Williamson 2008 Them That Believe: The Power and Meaning of the Chris-tian Serpent-Handling Tradition.   Berkeley University of California Press Hunziker-Rodewald, Regine 2015 Thrones in Sheol: An Ancient Near Eastern Motif in Isaiah 14:9. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/ Old Testament: An Introduction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 165-180. [Especially: Figures 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Jensen, Robin Margaret 2000 Understanding Early Christian Art. [Especially: Figu-res 2, 4, 13a, 32, 56, 63, 65].   Abingdon Routledge Jones, Scott C. 2011 Lions, Serpents, and Lion-Serpents in Job 28:8 and Be-yond. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8].   Journal of Biblical Literature, Volu-me 130, Number 4, Winter 2011, pp. 663-686 Kahn, Charles H., Daniel E. Gershenson, and Morton Smith 1959 Further Notes on "A Jewish Gnostic Amulet of the Roman Period".   Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies, Volume 2, Number 1, 1959, pp. 73-81 Keel, Othmar 1972 Die Welt der altorientalischen Bildsymbolik und das Alte Testament: Am Beispiel der Psalmen. [For the selecti-on of relevant figures see the English edition, 1997].   Zürich Benziger Verlag Same Author 1992 Das Recht der Bilder gesechen zu werden: Drei Fallstu-dien zur Methode der Interpretation altorientalischer Bilder.   Freiburg Universitätsverlag Same Author 1997 The Symbolism of the Biblical World: Ancient Near Eastern Iconography and the Book of Psalms. (1972, Ger-man; Translated by Timothy J. Hallett). [Especially: Figures 15, 19, 20, 21, 32, 33, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52 54, 55, 63, 82, 84, 89, 90, 91, 94, 103, 106, 120, 125, 126, 132a, 138, 142, 144, 162, 167a, 184, 187, 222b, 229, 230, 238, 245a, 265, 274, 291, 334, 341, 345, 346, 348, 350, 351, 352, 353, 356, 357, 357a, 365, 366, 368, 370, 371, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 381, 385, 386, 389a, 391, 399, 402, 405, 405a, 410, 417a, 422, 425, 433a, 442, 443, 450, 475, 478; Plates IA, III, XVI, XVII, XXVIII].   Winona Lake Eisenbrauns Keel, Othmar and Christoph Uehlinger 1992 Göttinnen, Götter und Gottessymbole. [For the selecti-on of relevant figures see the English edition, 1998].   Fribourg Herder Verlag Same Authors 1998 Gods, Goddesses, and Images of God in Ancient Israel. (1992, German; Translated by Thomas H. Trapp). [Especially: Figures 1b, 3a, 3c, 6, 14a, 15c, 32c, 32d, 33b, 34a, 34b, 37, 38, 40a, 60, 61, 74, 75a, 75b, 78, 85b, 87a, 87b, 87c, 89, 91, 92a, 92b, 93, 94a, 94c, 94d, 97a, 97b, 98a, 98b, 101a, 104, 105, 111, 112, 113, 117a, 117b, 130e, 134b, 134c, 140a, 144a, 144b, 144c, 158a, 159b, 159c, 182c, 226b, 241c, 245, 246, 247a, 247b, 248, 254a, 255, 259b, 270, 273, 274a, 274b, 274c, 274d, 284b, 295b, 338b].   Minneapolis Fortress Press Kiessling, Nicolas K. 1970 Antecedents of the Medieval Dragon in Sacred His-tory.   Journal of Biblical Literature, Volu-me 89, Number 2, June 1970, pp. 167-177 Kirschbaum, Engelbert et al., eds. 1968- 1976 Lexikon der Christlichen Ikonographie (LCI). Band I: Allgemeine Ikonographie, A-O - Ezechiel, 1968 [Especially: Articles (Figures) Abendmahl 2, Adam und Eva 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10; Adler 2; Affe 1; Allegorie 1; Apokalypse des Johannes 2, 3; Apokalyptisches Weib 1, 2; Apostel 1; Aspis 1; Auferste-hung Christi 2; Auge, Auge Gottes 1; Augustus 1; Barlaam und Joasaph 1; Bathseba 1; Bibelillustration 1; Biblia Paupe-rum 1; Bühne 1; Christus, Christusbild 16, 38; Dämonen 1; Drache 1, 2, 3; Drei Gesichter, Drei Köpfe 1; Ecclesia und Sy-nagoge 3, 4; Eherne Schlange 1, 2; Elemente, Vier 1, 3, 4; Erdkarte 1]; Band II: Fabelwesen - Kynokephalen, 1970 [Es-pecially: Articles (Figures) Fabelwesen 1, 3; Fisch 2, 3; Häre-sie, Häretiker 2; Hirt, Guter Hirt 1, 3, 7; Hölle 1; Höllenfahrt Christi 2; Immaculata Conceptio 1, 2; Jonas 1, 2, 3; Kalendri-um, Kalenderbild 4; Kirchenlehrer, Kirchenväter 2; Kreuz-allegorie 3, 4, 6]; Band III: Laban - Ruth, 1971 [Especially: Articles (Figures) Laster 6; Lauretanische Litanei 1; Löwe 6; Meer 1; Mensch 3; Messe, Meßopfer 1; Michael, Erzengel 1; Monate, Monatsbilder 1; Philosophie 2; Prediger 1; Reforma-tion 2]; Band IV: Saba, Königin von - Zypresse, Nachträge, 1972 [Especially: Articles (Figures) Schlange, Schlangen 1, 2, 3; Schmerzen Mariens 1; Schöpfer, Schöpfung 2, 6, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16; Seelenreise, Seelengericht 1; Speculum Virginum 1; Sünde 2; Teufel 3, 5, 6; Tugenden 7; Vergündigung an Maria 6; Weltgericht 4; Wind, Winde 1; Zeit 2; Zodiakus 1]; Band V: Ikonographie der Heiligen, Aaron - Crescentianus von Rom, 1973 [Especially: Articles (Figures) Anna Selbdritt 6; Arist(i)-on von Salamaina 1; Barsamya (Barsimeus) von Edessa 1; Bischöfe 18(H); Callupanus 1; Christina von Bolsena 2]; Band VI: Crescentianus von Tunis - Innocentia, 1974 [Especially: Articles (Figures) Donatus von Arezzo 1; Eremiten (Einsied-ler), Heilige 1; Euphemia von Chalzedon, Verteidigerin der Orthodoxie 1; Felicissimus und Agapitus von Rom 1; Fidelis von Sigmaringen (Markus Roy) 1; Franz von Assisi 15; Georg 4, 7, 8, 10, 11; Heinrich (Henrik) von Uppsala 1; Hidulph (Hildulf) 1; Hieronimus 3; Hilarius von Poitiers 1; Hypatius von Gangra 1]; Band VII: Innozenz - Melchisedech, 1974 [Es-pecially: Articles (Figures) Johannes der Täufer 4; Joseph der Neue von Patros 1; Juliana von Nikomedien 1; Margareta (Marina) von Antiochien 2, 3, 4; Maria Magdalena 2]; Band VIII: Meletius - Zweiundvierzig Martyrer, Register, 1976 [Especially: Articles (Figures) Patricius (Patrick) 1; Quattuor Coronati 1; Simeon Stylites der Ältere 1; Theodor Tiro von Euchaïta (von Amasea) 3; Trias, Heilige 1; Vierzehn Nothel-fer 1; Wilhelm (Guilielmus) von Maleval (der Große) 3]. (1990, 1994: Reprint editions: Herder Verlag, Freiburg).   Freiburg Herder Verlag Klingbeil, Martin 1999 Yahweh Fighting from Heaven: God as Warrior and as God of Heaven in the Hebrew Psalter and Ancient Near Eas-tern Iconography. [Especially: Figures 2, 3, 11, 15, 18, 19, 21, 23, 69, 71, 81, 82, 83].   Fribourg Academic Press Same Author 2014 "Children I Have Raised and Brought Up" (Isaiah 1:2): Female Metaphors for God in Isaiah and the Iconography of the Syro-Palestinian Goddess Asherah. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconogra-phic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 135-158.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Kloos, Carola 1986 Yhwh's Combat with the Sea: A Canaanite Tradition in the Religion of Ancient Israel.   Leiden Brill Knowles, Michael P. 2014 Serpents, Scribes, and Pharisees.   Journal of Biblical Literature, Volu-me 133, Number 1, Spring 2014, pp. 165-178 Koch, Guntram 1995 Frühchristliche Kunst. Eine Einführung. [For the selecti-on of relevant figures see the English edition, 1996].   Stuttgart W. Kohlhammer Same Author 1996 Early Christian Art and Architecture: An Introduction. (1995, German; Translated by John Bowden). [Especially: Pla-tes 18.1, 18.2, 24.2, 30.4, 32.1; Figures 45, 47.1].   London SCM Press Same Author 2000 Frühchristliche Sarkophage. [Especially: Figures 7.3, 9.1, 12.3, 12.4, 14.1, 14.2, 17.1, 17.2, 18.5, 21.2, 22, 31.3, 31.4, 36, 39, 41, 43, 48.1, 59, 60, 70, 72.2, 73.1, 77.1, 77.2; Plates 11, 12, 14, 18, 19, 21, 22, 27, 28, 39, 42, 46, 47, 48, 55, 59, 64, 71, 73, 74, 79, 126, 130, 131, 135, 138, 139, 143, 145, 155, 158, 179, 180, 185, 194].   München Verlag C.H. Beck Korpel, Marjo and Johannes de Moor 2017 The Leviathan in the Ancient Near East. In van Bek-kum, Koert et al., eds., Playing with Leviathan: Interpretati-on and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World, 2017, pp. 3-20.   Leiden Brill Kripal, Jeffrey John 2007 The Serpent's Gift: Gnostic Reflections on the Study of Re-ligion.   Chicago University of Chicago Press Kwakkel, Gert 2017 The Monster as a Toy. Leviathan in Psalm 104:26. In van Bekkum, Koert et al., eds., Playing with Leviathan: Interpretation and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World, 2017, pp. 77-89.   Leiden Brill Lachs, Samuel Tobias 1965 Serpent Folklore in Rabbinic Literature.   Jewish Social Studies, Volume 27, Number 3, July 1965, pp. 168-184 Laeuchli, Samuel 1966 The Serpent and the Dove: Five Essays on Early Chris-tianity.   Nashville Abingdon Press Lancellotti, Maria Grazia 2000 The Naassenes: A Gnostic Identity Among Judaism, Chris-tianity, Classical and Ancient Near Eastern Traditions.   Münster Ugarit-Verlag Lazarev, Viktor Nikitich 1986 История византийской живописи. Том I: Текст; Том II: Таблицы. (History of Byzantine Painting. Volume I: Texts; Volume II: Plates). [Especially: Plates 7, 95, 107, 195, 227, 242, 248, 254, 329, 390, 392, 393].   Moscow Iskusstvo Leesti, Elizabeth 1993 Carolingian Crucifixion Iconography: An Elaboration of a Byzantine Theme. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 9].   RACAR: Revue D'art Canadienne/ Canadian Art Review, Volume 20, Number 1/2, 1993, pp. 3-15 LeMon, Joel M. 2015 Masking the Blow: Psalm 81 and the Iconography of Di-vine Violence. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introduction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 281-294. [Especially: Figures 15.2, 15.3, 15.4a, 15.4b, 15.5a, 15.5b, 15.7b].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Same Author 2015 On Wings in a Prayer: Multistable Images for God in Psalm 63. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introduction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 263-279. [Especially: Figures 14.3, 14.4].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Levine, Lee I. 2012 Visual Judaism in Late Antiquity: Historical Contexts of Jewish Art. [Especially: Figures 25, 33(1), 39(2), 48(2), 48(6), 90, 98(1), 110].   New Haven Yale University Press Lewis, Theodore J. 1996 CT 13.33-34 and Ezekiel 32: Lion-Dragon Myths. [Es-pecially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 23, 24].   Journal of the American Oriental So-ciety, Volume 116, Number 1, Janua-ry-March 1996, pp. 28-47 Litwa, M. David 2017 Paul the "God" in Acts 28: A Comparison with Philoctetes.   Journal of Biblical Literature, Volu-me 136, Number 3, Fall 2017, pp. 707-726 Lubetski, Meir 2014 The Function and Meaning of My'mn on Hebrew Seals in Light of Accompanying Iconography. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconogra-phic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 29-45.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Lutzer, Erwin W. 1996 The Serpent of Paradise: The Incredible Story of How Sa-tan's Rebellion Serves God's Purposes.   Chicago Moody Publishers Magri, Annarita 2007 Le serpent guérisseur et l'origine de la gnose ophite.   Revue de l'histoire des religions, Vo-lume 224, Number 4, October-De-cember 2007, pp. 395-434 Maguire, Henry 1987 Adam and the Animals: Allegory and the Literal Sense in Early Christian Art. [Especially: Figures 2, 3, 4].   Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Volume 41, Studies on Art and Archeology in Ho-nor of Ernst Kitzinger on His Seven-ty-Fifth Birthday, 1987, pp. 363-373 Malbon, Elizabeth Struthers 1990 The Iconography of the Sarcophagus of Junius Bas-sus. [Especially: Diagrams 1-1, 8-1, 8-2; Plates 1, 2, 4, 5, 11, 14, 15, 16, 38].   Princeton Princeton University Press Martinek, Manuela 1996 Wie die Schlange zum Teufel wurde: Die Symbolik in der Paradeisgeschichte von der hebräischen Bibel bis zum Koran.   Wiesbaden Harrassowitz Verlag Mathews, Thomas F. 1993 The Clash of Gods: A Reinterpretation of Early Christian Art. (1999: Revised and expanded edition: Princeton Univer-sity Press, Princeton). [Especially: Figures 7, 13, 38, 47, 75, 134, 139].   Princeton Princeton University Press Mazar, Amihai 1992 Archaeology of the Land of the Bible. [Volume I] 10,000-586 BCE. [Especially: Front cover; Figures 5.11, 5.12].   New York Doubleday Publishing Meyers, Eric M. 2001 Alexander to Constantine: Archaeology of the Land of the Bible, Volume III. [Especially: Figures 2.2, 2.3, 2.7, 2.13, 3.19, 3.21, 6.1, 7.1].   New Haven Yale University Press Morey, C.R. 1922 Christus Crucifer. [Especially: Figures 1, 2].   The Art Bulletin, Volume 4, Number 4, June 1922, pp. 117-126 Morris, Paul and Deborah Sawyer, eds. 1992 A Walk in the Garden: Biblical, Iconographical and Lite-rary Images of Eden.   Sheffield Sheffield Academic Press Mulder, Michael 2017 Leviathan on the Menu of the Messianic Meal. The Use of Various Images of Leviathan in Early Jewish Tra-dition. In van Bekkum, Koert et al., eds., Playing with Levi-athan: Interpretation and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World, 2017, pp. 117-132.   Leiden Brill Murison, Ross G. 1905 The Serpent in the Old Testament.   The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures, Volume 21, Number 2, January 1905, pp. 115-130 Murray, Peter and Linda 1996 The Oxford Companion to Christian Art and Archi-tecture. [Especially: Articles Aaron, Adam and Eve, Basilisk, Beasts (Symbolic), Bel and the Dragon, Bestiary, Brazen Ser-pent (The), Brescia Box, Daniel, Devil (The), Dragon, Eagle, George (Saint), Hell, Jonah, Leviathan, Man (The Fall of), Moses, Physiologus, Prudence, Serpent, Symbol, Symbolism, Tree of Knowledge; Figures on pp. 4, 151, 256, 311, 359, 424, 449, 536, 559]. (2013: Second revised edition published as The Oxford Dictionary of Christian Art and Archi-tecture edited by Tom Devonshire Jones: Oxford University Press, Oxford).   Oxford Oxford University Press Pagels, Elaine 1989 Adam, Eve, and the Serpent: Sex and Politics in Early Christianity.   New York Vintage Books Pinney, Roy 1964 The Animals in the Bible: The Identity and Natural His-tory of All the Animals Mentioned in the Bible.   Philadelphia Chilton Books Plantinga, Cornelius, Jr. 1991 Christ, the Snake.   Perspectives, Volume 6, 1991, pp. 14-15 Poesch, Jessie 1970 The Beasts from Job in the Liber Floridus Manuscripts. [Especially: Figures 13a, 13b, 13c, 14a, 14b, 14c, 15a, 15b].   Journal of the Warburg and Court-auld Institutes, Volume 33, 1970, pp. 41-51 Poeschke, Joachim 2010 Italian Mosaics: 300-1300. (Translated from the German by Russell Stockman). [Especially: Figures 1, 54, 72, 89; Plates 2, 3, 84, 85, 121, 123, 125, 146, 148, 158, 164, 174, 175, 177, 179, 180, 181, 182].   New York Abbeville Press Pritchard, James Bennett 1950 Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testa-ment. (1955: Second edition: Princeton University Press, Prin-ceton; 1969: Third edition with supplement: Princeton Uni-versity Press, Princeton).   Princeton Princeton University Press Same Author 1954 The Ancient Near East in Pictures Relating to the Old Testament. (1969: Second edition with supplement: Princeton University Press, Princeton). [Especially: Figures 107, 112, 132, 190, 225, 266, 258, 269, 293, 294, 297, 310, 312, 314, 315, 316, 318, 320, 321, 322, 326, 327, 328, 339, 342, 345, 347, 381, 382, 384, 385, 387, 388, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 400, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 425, 447, 454, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 486, 493, 511, 513, 515, 519, 520, 523, 537, 544, 545, 547, 549, 556, 558, 563, 564, 566, 567, 570, 571, 572, 573, 585, 590, 591, 657, 658, 660, 665, 669, 670, 671, 675, 689, 691, 692, 705, 760, 761, 830, 834, 857, 858].   Princeton Princeton University Press Same Author 1958, 1975 The Ancient Near East: An Anthology of Texts and Pic-tures. Volumes I-II.   Princeton Princeton University Press Rasimus, Tuomas 2009 Paradise Reconsidered in Gnostic Mythmaking: Re-thinking Sethianism in Light of the Ophite Evidence.   Leiden Brill Same Author N/A Jesus the Animal. [Forthcoming].   N/A N/A Roitman, Adolfo D. 1995 "Crawl upon Your Belly" (Gen. 3:14) - The Physical As-pect of the Serpent in Early Jewish Exegesis. [In Hebrew; Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12].   Tarbiz, 1995, pp. 157-182 Rosenberg, Alfons 1956 Michael und der Drache: Urgestalten von Licht und Fin-sternis.   Olten Walter Verlag Sawyer, John F.A. 1992 The Image of God, the Wisdom of Serpents and the Knowledge of Good and Evil. In Morris, Paul and Debo-rah Sawyer, eds., A Walk in the Garden: Biblical, Iconogra-phical and Literary Images of Eden, 1992, pp. 64-73.   Sheffield Sheffield Academic Press Schiller, Gertrud 1966- 1980 Ikonographie der Christlichen Kunst. Band I: Inkar-nation, Kindheit, Taufe, Versuchung, Verklärung, Wirken und Wunder Christi, 1966; Band II: Die Passion Jesu Christi, 1968; Band III: Die Auferstehung und Erhöhung Christi, 1971; Band IV, 1: Die Kirche, 1976; Band IV, 2: Maria, 1980; Band V, 1: Die Apokalypse des Johannes. Textteil, 1990; Band V, 2: Die Apokalypse des Johannes. Bildteil, 1991; Registerbeiheft zu den Bänden I - IV, 2, 1980. [For the selec-tion of relevant figures see the English editions, 1971, 1972].   Gütersloh Verlag Mohn Same Author 1971, 1972 Iconography of Christian Art. Volume I: Christ's Incar-nation - Childhood - Baptism - Temptation - Transfiguration - Works and Miracles [Especially: Figures 1, 7, 8, 29, 57, 86, 100, 246, 249, 272, 273, 279, 280, 281, 307, 353, 359, 366, 380, 424, 427, 488]; Volume II: The Passion of Jesus Christ [Especially: Figures 2, 6, 13, 93, 167, 347, 354, 360, 361, 362, 364, 365, 366, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 376, 377, 379, 381, 382, 383, 387, 395, 422, 424, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 434, 442, 446, 448, 449, 451, 476, 480, 488, 504, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 570, 574, 795, 804]. (1966, 1968: German; Translated by Janet Seligman).   Greenwich New York Graphic Society Schlüter, Margarete 1982 "Derāqôn" und Götzendienst: Studien zur antiken judi-schen Religionsgeschichte, Ausgehend von Einem griechi-schen Lehnwort in mAZ III 3.   Frankfurt am Main Peter Lang Schmerber, Hugo 1905 Die Schlange des Paradieses: Religionsgeschichtlisch-kunsthistorische Studie.   Strassburg J.H.E. Heitz Verlag Schmitt, Rüdiger 2014 Mixed Creatures and the Assyrian Influence on the West Semitic Glyptic Repertoire. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconographic Inter-pretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 19-28.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Same Author 2015 Royal Construction in the Book of Kings: Architecture and/as Iconography. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introduction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 137-146.   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Schreckenberg, Heinz and Kurt Schubert 1992 Jewish Historiography and Iconography in Early and Medieval Christianity. I. Josephus in Early Chris-tian Literature and Medieval Christian Art; II. Jewish Picto-rial Traditions in Early Christian Art. (Translated from the German by Paul A. Cathey). [Especially: Figures 15, 16, 22, 29, 35, 46].   Assen Van Gorcum Schumacher, Johann Heinrich 1756 Erläuterung der dunkeln und schweren Lehrtafel der Alten Ophiten oder Schlangen-Brüder, nach den geheimen Grundsätzen der Kabbalisten abgefasset.   Wolfen- büttel Johann Christoph Meißner Schütz, Johannes 1580 Serpens antiquus, die alte Schlange, das Ist: Der Sac-raments Teuffel.   Eisleben Andreas Petri Scurlock, Jo Ann and Richard H. Beal, eds. 2013 Creation and Chaos: A Reconsideration of Hermann Gun-kel's Chaoskampf Hypothesis.   Winona Lake Eisenbrauns Seel, Otto 1995 Der Physiologus: Tiere und ihre Symbolik.   Zürich Artemis & Winkler Verlag Siew, Antoninus King Wai 2005 The War Between the Two Beasts and the Two Wit-nesses: A Chiastic Reading of Revelation 11:1-14:5.   London T&T Clark Speake, Jennifer 1994 The Dent Dictionary of Symbols in Christian Art. [Especially: Articles Adder, Animals, Dragon, Eagle, Fall of Man, Four Cardinal Virtues, George (St), Hell-Mouth, Jonah, Leviathan, Margaret of Antioch (St), Martha (St), Michael (St), Moses, Patrick (St), Satan, Scorpion, Snake, Sylvester (St), Theodore (St), Whale].   London J.M. Dent Spier, Jeffrey 1993 Medieval Byzantine Magical Amulets and Their Tradi-tion. [Especially: Plates 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 6a, 6c].   Journal of the Warburg and Court-auld Institutes, Volume 56, 1993, pp. 25-62 Same Author 2007 Picturing the Bible: The Earliest Christian Art. [Especial-ly: Figures 4, 5, 7, 9, 22, 32, 52, 74, 76, 86, 87, 88, 116; Catalo-gue №s 2, 3B, 6, 8, 9A, 10A, 10C, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 21 (figu-res 1, 2), 29, 39, 42 (figure 1), 44C, 47, 48, 53, 75, 78A, 78B].   Fort Worth Kimbell Art Museum Staubli, Thomas 2014 Images of Justification. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconographic Inter-pretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 159-177.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Same Author 2015 Judith's Victory Celebration and the Iconography of Twigs in Judith 15:12-13. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introduction to Its The-ory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 329-347. [Especially: Figures 18.12, 18.13, 18.16, 18.48].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Same Author 2015 The "Pagan" Prehistory of Genesis 22:1-14: The Icono-graphic Background of the Redemption of a Human Sacri-fice. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/ Old Testament: An Introduction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 77-101. [Especially: Figures 3.17b, 3.23a].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Same Author 2015 What Do You See? Reading Zechariah's Yhwh-Vision (4:1-14) in Light of Southern Levantine Lunar Iconography. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introduction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 217-226. [Especially: Figure 11.3].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Stern, Ephraim 2001 Archaeology of the Land of the Bible. Volume II: The Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian Periods, 732-332 BCE. [Especially: Figures I.8, I.48, I.97, II.4, III.30, III.58].   New York Doubleday Publishing Steymans, Hans Ulrich 2014 The Egyptian Deity Menkeret and Psalm 89 as a Royal Funeral. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconographic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 251-284.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Strawn, Brent A. 2014 The Iconography of Fear: Yir'at Yhwh (הוהי תארי) in Artis-tic Perspective. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exegesis: Iconographic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 91-134. [Especially: Figures 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 43, 47, 49, 50].   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark Same Author 2015 Lion Hunting in the Psalms: Iconography and Images for God, the Self, and the Enemy. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introducti-on to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 245-261.   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Same Author 2015 "The Fear of the Lord" in Two (or Three) Dimensi-ons: Iconography and Yir' at Yhwh. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Introducti-on to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 295-311. [Especially: Figures 16.3, 16.4, 16.5, 16.6, 16.22, 16.23].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Same Author 2015 The Image of God: Comparing the Old Testament with Other Ancient Near Eastern Cultures. In de Hulster, Izaak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Intro-duction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 63-75.   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Same Author 2015 "With a Strong Hand and an Outstretched Arm": On the Meaning(s) of the Exodus Tradition(s). In de Hulster, Iza-ak J., Brent A. Strawn, and Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds., Iconogra-phic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: An Intro-duction to Its Theory, Method, and Practice, 2015, pp. 103-116. [Especially: Figures 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.7, 4.9, 4.10, 4.13].   Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Swanson, Kristin A. 2002 A Reassessment of Hezekiah's Reform in Light of Jar Handles and Iconographic Evidence.   The Catholic Biblical Quarterly, Vo-lume 64, Number 3, July 2002, pp. 460-469 Tabick, Jacqueline 1986 The Snake in the Grass: The Problem of Interpreting a Symbol in the Hebrew Bible and Rabbinic Writings.   Religion, Volume 16, Issue 2, April 1986, pp. 155-167 Tilemannus, Andreas Rivinus 1686 Nahash ha-Qadmoni ha-Masiah, Sive Serpens Iste Antiquus Seductor è Gen. III.1. seqq. Ad Mentem Doc-torum Judaeorum & Christianorum. Dissertatione Inaugu-rali Exhibitus.   Leipzig Christophorus Fleischerus van Bekkum, Koert, Jaap Dekker, Henk R. van den Kamp, and Eric Peels, eds. 2017 Playing with Leviathan: Interpretation and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World.   Leiden Brill van Bekkum, Koert 2017 "Is Your Rage Against the Rivers, Your Wrath Against the Sea?" Storm-God Imagery in Habakkuk 3. In van Bekkum, Koert et al., eds., Playing with Leviathan: Interpretation and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World, 2017, pp. 55-76.   Leiden Brill van de Kamp, Henk 2017 Leviathan and the Monsters in Revelation. In van Bekkum, Koert et al., eds., Playing with Leviathan: Inter-pretation and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World, 2017, pp. 167-178.   Leiden Brill van Houwelingen, Theo 2017 The Air Combat between Michael and the Dragon. Revelation 12:7-12 in Relation to Similar Texts from the New Testament. In van Bekkum, Koert et al., eds., Playing with Leviathan: Interpretation and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World, 2017, pp. 151-166.   Leiden Brill van Spanje, Theo 2017 Romans 16:17-20a: Imminent Danger and Victory. In van Bekkum, Koert et al., eds., Playing with Leviathan: Interpretation and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World, 2017, pp. 133-150.   Leiden Brill van Werven, Ben 2017 As a Fish on Dry Land. Some Remarks on Tannîn in Ezekiel. In van Bekkum, Koert et al., eds., Playing with Leviathan: Interpretation and Reception of Monsters from the Biblical World, 2017, pp. 40-54.   Leiden Brill von Mosheim, Johann Lorenz 1748 Geschichte der Schlangenbrüder der ersten Kirche oder der so genannten Ophiten. (Versuch einer unpart-heischen und gründlichen Ketzergeschichte).   Helmstedt Christian Friederich Weygand Volbach, Wolfgang Friedrich 1958 Frühchristliche Kunst: Die Kunst der Spätantike in West- und Ostrom. [For the selection of relevant figures see the En-glish edition, 1961].   München Hirmer Verlag Same Author 1961 Early Christian Art: The Late Roman and Byzantine Em-pires from the Third to the Seventh Centuries. (1958, Ger-man; Translated by Christopher Ligota). [Especially: Plates 2, 4 top, 5 top, 32, 37 top, 40 top, 41, 43, 46, 84 top, 85, 86 top, 87 top, 94, 103, 104 left, 107, 116, 117 bottom, 160, 161, 223, 253].   New York Harry N. Abrams Wakeman, Mary K. 1973 God's Battle with the Monster: Study in Biblical Ima-gery.   Leiden Brill Ward, William A. 1968 The Four-Winged Serpent on Hebrew Seals. [Especi-ally: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7].   Rivista degli Studi Orientali, Volume 43, Fascicle 2, April 1968, pp. 135-143 Watson, Carolyn Joslin 1981 The Program of the Brescia Casket. [Especially: Figures 1, 2; Note 28 on Daniel and the Dragon].   Gesta, Volume 20, Number 2, 1981, pp. 283-298 Weitzmann, Kurt, ed. 1979 Age of Spirituality: Late Antique and Early Christian Art, Third to Seventh Century. [Especially: Plates III, X, XII; Figu-res 9, 12, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 48, 50, 51, 52, 53, 56, 59, 61, 87; Catalogue №s (and images) 110 (p. 132), 133 (p. 156), 134 (p. 157), 136 (p. 159), 137 (p. 160), 143 (p. 165), 151 (p. 172), 161 (p. 182), 162 (p. 183), 163 (p. 184), 164 (p. 186), 168 (p. 190), 173 (p. 194), 174 (p. 195), 175 (p. 196), 176 (p. 197), 184 (p. 209), 192 (p. 215), 197 (p. 221), 202 (p. 225), 219 (p. 243), 226 (p. 249), 228 (p. 250), 243 (p. 260), 251 (p. 274), 281 (p. 308), 310 (p. 331), 361 (p. 405), 365 (p. 409), 366 (p. 409), 369 (p. 411), 371 (p. 413), 374 (p. 417 bottom left), 377 (p. 421), 378 (p. 422), 384 (p. 426), 385 (p. 427), 386 (p. 428), 387 (p. 430), 389 (p. 432 right), 390 (p. 433), 411 (p. 460), 454 (p. 506), 471 (p. 526), 529 (p. 589)].   New York The Metropolitan Museum of Art Westenholz, Joan Goodnick, ed. 2000 Images of Inspiration: The Old Testament in Early Chris-tian Art. [Especially: Figure 9; Catalogue №s (and images) 3 (p. 33), 4 (pp. 34, 35), 5 (p. 36 left top, 36 left bottom), 6 (p. 36 right), 7 (p. 37), 8 (p. 38), 10 (p. 43), 68, 72, 75, 77 (p. 106), [the information on items 78-93 is temporarily missing] 144 (p. 149), 145].   Jerusalem Bible Lands Museum Woods, David 2018 Constantine I and a New Christian Golden Age: A Secretely Christian Reverse Type Identified? [Especially: Fi-gures 10, 11].   Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studi-es, Volume 58, 2018, pp. 366-388 Wyse-Rhodes, Jackie 2014 Finding Asherah: The Goddesses in Text and Image. In de Hulster, Izaak J. and Joel M. LeMon, eds., Image, Text, Exe-gesis: Iconographic Interpretation and the Hebrew Bible, 2014, pp. 71-90.   London Bloomsbury T&T Clark ⯅ Seminal Works ⯅ Comparative & General Studies ⯅ Greco-Roman World ⯅ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯅ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯅ Egypt ⯅ Biblical Tradition ⯆ Arabia & Early Islam ⯆ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯆ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯆ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯆ China, Korea & Japan « ● ARABIA & EARLY ISLAM ● » Azarpay, Guitty and A.D. Kilmer 1978 The Eclipse Dragon on an Arabic Frontispiece-Miniature. [Especially: Figures 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10].   Journal of the American Oriental So-ciety, Volume 98, Number 4, Octo-ber-December 1978, pp. 363-374 Daneshvari, Abbas 2011 Of Serpents and Dragons in Islamic Art: An Iconogra-phical Study.   Costa Mesa Mazda Publishers Farhad, Massumeh and Serpil Bağci 2009 Falnama: The Book of Omens. [Especially: Figures on pp. 6-7, 16-17; Figures 1.3, 1.4, 1,8, 2.4, 2.13, 2.14, 3.6, 3.11, 5.3, 5.8, 6.2, 6.10, 6.11, 9.7; Catalogue №s (and images) 2 (p. 80), 3 (p. 81), 12 (p. 96), 13 (p. 99), 14 (p. 101), 15 (p. 102), 20 (p. 114), 28 (p. 133), 38 (p. 152), 41 (p. 159), 43 (pp. 164, 165), 48 (p. 175), 49 (p. 176), 54 (p. 187), 56 (pp. 192, 193), 59 (pp. 198, 199, 200-201), 60 (p. 202), 62 (p. 206), 65 (p. 212); Appendix A.1: Figures P Coll (p. 257), P Coll (p. 258), MdL (p. 260), Bsc (p. 262), AMSG (p. 262); Appendix A.2: Figures 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 13b, 17b, 24b, 31b, 38b, 39b, 42b, 43b, 51b, 56b; Appendix A.3: Figures 7b, 8b, 21b, 22b, 23b, 34b, 35b, 38b, 40b].   London Thames & Hudson Grabar, Oleg 2009 Masterpieces of Islamic Art: The Decorated Page from the 8th to the 17th Century. [Especially: Figure 7; Plates 1, 4, 11, 26, 27, 35, 48, 67, 77, 106, 120].   Munich Prestel Hattstein, Markus and Peter Delius, eds. 2004 Islam: Art and Architecture. [Especially: Figures on pp. 27, 50 left, 53 left, 55 top, 123, 157 bottom right, 158, 177 bottom, 195 top left, 196 right, 197 left, 202 top, 381 bottom, 392 bottom, 412 right, 449 bottom right].   Königs- winter Könemann Kuehn, Sarah 2011 The Dragon in Medieval East Christian and Islamic Art.   Leiden Brill Same Author 2016 Vestiges of the Ourobóros in the Medieval Islamic Visual Tradition. In Kaelin, Oskar, Rolf Stucky, and Andrew Jamieson, eds., Proceedings of the 9th International Congress on the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East: June 9-13, 2014, University of Basel, Volume 1: Travelling Images - Transfer and Transformation of Visual Ideas; Dealing with the Past: Finds, Booty, Gifts, Spoils, Heirlooms; Collections at Risk: Sustainable Strategies for Managing Near Eastern Archaeological Collections, 2016, pp. 165-178.   Wiesbaden Harrassowitz Verlag Naumkin, Vitaly and Victor Porkhomovsky 2000 The Serpent in the Traditional Culture of Mahra and Socotra.   Proceedings of the Seminar for Ara-bian Studies, Volume 30, Papers from the Thirty-third Meeting of the Seminar for Arabian Studies Held in London, 15-17 July 1999, 2000, pp. 151-155 Stetkevych, Suzanne Pinckney 2014 The Snake in the Tree in Abu Al-'Ala' Al-Ma'arri's "Epistle of Forgiveness": Critical Essay and Translation. [Especially: Illustration 1].   Journal of Arabic Literature, Volume 45, Number 1, 2014, pp. 1-80 ⯅ Seminal Works ⯅ Comparative & General Studies ⯅ Greco-Roman World ⯅ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯅ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯅ Egypt ⯅ Biblical Tradition ⯅ Arabia & Early Islam ⯆ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯆ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯆ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯆ China, Korea & Japan « ● IRAN, CAUCASUS & CENTRAL ASIA ● » Ackerman, Phyllis 1936 The Iranian Serpentarius and Gemini. [Especially: Illustration 1].   Bulletin of the American Institute for Persian Art and Archaeology, Volu-me 4, Number 3, June 1936, pp. 126-129 Azarpay, Guitty 2000 The Snake-Man in the Art of Bronze Age Bactria. [Es-pecially: Figures 1, 2].   Bulletin of the Asia Institute, New Se-ries, Volume 5, 1991, pp. 1-10 Barnett, Richard D. 1987 The Serpent-Headed Tripod Base. [Especially: Figure 1].   Eretz-Israel: Archaeological, Historical and Geographical Studies, 1987, p. 1 Baumer, Christoph 2012- 2018 The History of Central Asia. Volume I: The Age of the Steppe Warriors, 2012 [Especially: Figures on pp. 112, 173, 198, 256 bottom, 257, 262, 274, 284, 291, 302]; Volume II: The Age of the Silk Roads, 2014 [Especially: Figures 27, 37, 74, 123, 133, 151, 190, 242]; Volume III: The Age of Islam and the Mongols, 2016 [Especially: Figures 92, 93, 108, 124, 128, 154, 157, 159, 161, 163, 164, 172, 195, 224]; Volume IV: The Age of Decline and Revival, 2018 [Especially: Figures 36, 39, 53, 54].   London I.B. Tauris Bussagli, Mario 1963 Central Asian Painting: From Afghanistan to Sinkiang. (Translated from the Italian by Lothian Small; 1979: Second edition: Editions d'Art Albert Skira, New York and Rizzoli, New York). [Especially: Figures on pp. 45, 109].   Geneva Editions d'Art Albert Skira Farridnejad, Shervin 2015 Das zoroastrische mar-name "Schlangenbuch". Zur zoroastrischen Volksreligion und Ophiomantik. In Farridne-jad, Shervin, Rika Gyselen, and Anke Joisten-Pruschke, eds., Faszination Iran. Beiträge zur Religion, Geschichte und Kunst des Alten Iran: Gedenkschrift für Klaus Schippmann, 2015, pp. 51-86.   Wiesbaden Harrassowitz Verlag Ghirshman, Roman 1962 Parthes et Sassanides. Iran. (L'univers des formes. Tome III). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edi-tion, 1962].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Author 1962 Iran: Parthians and Sassanians. (The Arts of Mankind. Volume III). (1962, French; Translated by Stuart Gilbert and James Emmons). [Especially: Figures 3, 17, 98, 103, 168, 300, 350, 382].   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1964 Perse. (L'univers des formes. Tome V). [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1964].   Paris Éditions Gallimard Same Author 1964 Persia: From the Origins to Alexander the Great. (The Arts of Mankind. Volume V). (1964, French; Translated by Stuart Gilbert and James Emmons). [Especially: Figures 97, 149, 174, 491].   London Thames & Hudson Kuftin, Boris Alekseevich 1949 Материалы к археологии Колхиды. Том I. (Materi-als for the Archaeology of Colchis. Volume I). [Especially: Fi-gures 19, 20, 31, 38].   Tbilisi Tekhnika da Shroma Lassikova, Galina 2010 Hushang the Dragon-Slayer: Fire and Firearms in Safa-vid Art and Diplomacy. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4].   Iranian Studies, Volume 43, Number 1, 2010, pp. 29-51 Nicolaus, Peter 2011 The Serpent Symbolism in the Yezidi Religious Tra-dition and the Snake in Yerevan. [Especially: Figure 1].   Iran & the Caucasus, Volume 15, Number 1/2, 2011, pp. 49-72 Pourjavadi, Nasrollah, ed. 2001 The Splendour of Iran. Volume I: Ancient Times [Especi-ally: Figures on pp. 187, 192, 302-303, 343, 499 right, 500-501]; Volume II: Islamic Period [Especially: Figures on pp. 246-247, 397 top]; Volume III: Islamic Period [Especially: Figures on pp. 85, 254, 254-255, 304, 319, 328].   London Booth-Clibborn Editions Root, Margaret Cool 2002 Animals in the Art of Ancient Iran. In Collins, Billie Jean, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East, 2002, pp. 169-210. [Especially: Figures 5.1, 5.2].   Leiden Brill Rosenzweig, Daphne Lange 1978 Stalking the Persian Dragon: Chinese Prototypes for the Miniature Representations. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20].   Kunst Des Orients, Volume 12, Num-ber 1/2, 1978, pp. 150-176 Russel, James R. 2008 Magic Mountains, Milky Seas, Dragon Slayers, and Other Zoroastrian Archetypes.   Bulletin of the Asia Institute, New Se-ries, Volume 22, Zoroastrianism and Mary Boyce with Other Studies, 2008, pp. 57-77 Stierlin, Henri 2006 Splendors of Ancient Persia. [Especially: Figures on pp. 4-5, 24 left, 53 top, 53 bottom, 70-71, 170-171, 192 bottom, 218, 238-239].   Vercelli White Star Talbot Rice, Tamara 1965 Ancient Arts of Central Asia. [Especially: Plates 7, 29, 35, 36, 81, 89, 92, 121, 130, 161, 192].   London Thames & Hudson Winckelmann, Sylvia 2000 Intercultural Relations between Iran, the Murghabo-Bactrian Archaeological Complex (BMAC), Northwest India and Failaka in the Field of Seals. [Especially: Figures 3.6, 3.8, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17a, 17b, 21, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 37a].   East and West, Volume 50, Number 1/4, December 2000, pp. 43-95 ⯅ Seminal Works ⯅ Comparative & General Studies ⯅ Greco-Roman World ⯅ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯅ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯅ Egypt ⯅ Biblical Tradition ⯅ Arabia & Early Islam ⯅ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯆ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯆ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯆ China, Korea & Japan « ● GREAT STEPPE & EURASIAN NOMADS ● » Akishev, Alisher Kimalevich 1984 Искусство и мифология саков. (Art and Mythology of the Saka). [Especially: Глава 1.2: Великие звери: Значение синкретических изображений. (Chapter 1.2: Great Ani-mals: Meaning of the Syncretistic Images), pp. 28-65].   Alma-Ata Nauka Alekseev, Andrei Yurievich 2012 Золото скифских царей в собрании Эрмитажа. (The Gold of the Scythian Kings in the State Hermitage Col-lection). [Especially: Figures on pp. 7, 11.1, 27.1, 166, 167, 168, 169, 178, 179, 246, 257].   St.Peters-burg Izdatel'svto Gosudar-stvennogo Ermitazha Same Author 2015 Стрелы-змеи у ранних кочевников Евразии. (Ar-rows-Snakes of the Early Eurasian Nomads). In Война и во- енное дело в скифо-сарматском мире. Материалы Меж- дународной научной конференции, посвящённой памяти А.И. Мелюковой (Кагальник, 26-29 апреля 2014 г.), (War and Warfare in the Scytho-Sarmatian World. Materials of the International Academic Conference in memory of A.I. Melyu-kova (Kagal'nik, 26-29 April 2014)), 2015, pp. 6-8. [Especially: Figures 1, 2].   Rostov- on-Don Southern Scientific Centre, Russian Aca-demy of Sciences Publishers Artamonov, Mikhail Illarionovich 1961 Антропоморфные божества в религии скифов. (Anthropomorphic Deities in the Scythian Religion). [Especi-ally: Figures 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16].   Arheologicheskiy Sbornik Gosudar-stvennogo Ermitazha (ASGE), Issue 2, 1961, pp. 57-87 Same Author 1966 Сокровища скифских курганов в собрании Государ-ственного Эрмитажа. (Treasures from Scythian Kurgans in the State Hermitage Collection).   Leningrad Sovetskiy Khudozhnik Same Author 1969 Treasures from Scythian Tombs in the Hermitage Mu-seum, Leningrad. (1966, Russian; Translated and abridged by V.R. Kupriyanova). [Especially: Plates 67, 121, 133, 144, 186, 207, 208, 210, 214, 215, 230, 256, 275, 323, 325].   London Thames & Hudson Same Author 1973 Сокровища саков: Аму-Дарьинский клад. Алтайские курганы. Минусинские бронзы. Сибирское золото. (Saka Treasures: The Amu Darya Hoard. Altai Kurgans. Minusinsk Bronzes. Siberian Gold). [Especially: Figures 183, 186, 187, 206, 208, 213, 214, 216, 232].   Moscow Iskusstvo Bessonova, Svetlana Sergeevna 1983 Религиозные представления скифов. (Religiuos Be-liefs of the Scythians). [Especially: Figures 1, 10.1, 10.2, 18, 19, 20.1, 20.2, 21, 22.1, 22.2, 22.3, 30].   Kiev Naukova Dumka Bunker, Emma C. 1997 Ancient Bronzes of the Eastern Eurasian Steppes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections.   New York Arthur M. Sackler Foundation Bunker, Emma C., James C.Y. Watt, and Zhixin Sun 2002 Nomadic Art of the Eastern Eurasian Steppes: The Eugene V. Thaw and Other New York Collections. [Especial-ly: Catalogue №s 17, 82, 84, 95, 102, 105, 106, 107, 127, 172].   New York Metropolitan Museum of Art Chernenko, Evgeniy Vasilievich 1968 Скифский доспех. (Scythian Armour). [Especially: Figu-res 26, 27, 28, 60.1, 64.2].   Kiev Naukova Dumka Devlet, Marianna Artashirovna 1976 О происхождении минусинских ажурных пояс-ных пластин. (On the Origin of the Minusinsk Openwork Belt Plates). In Melyukova, Anna Ivanovna and Marina Gle-bovna Moshkova, eds., Скифо-сибирский звериный стиль в искусстве народов Евразии. (Scytho-Siberian Animal Style in the Art of Eurasia), 1976, pp. 219-227. [Especially: Figures 3.7, 3.8, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3].   Moscow Nauka Grakov, Boris Nikolaevich 1971 Скифы. (Scythians). [Especially: Plates VII, XIV, XV, XXVII].   Moscow Izdatel'stvo Moskov-skogo Universiteta Gryaznov, Mikhail Petrovich 1958 Древнее искусство Алтая. L’art ancien de l’Altaï. (The Ancient Art of Altay).   Leningrad Gosudarstvennyi Ermitazh Higham, Nicholas J. 2018 King Arthur: The Making of the Legend. [Especially: Chap-ter 2: The "Sarmatian Connection", pp. 40-76; Chapter 3: King Arthur and the Narts, pp. 77-116].   New Haven Yale University Press Jacobson, Esther 1993 The Deer Goddess of Ancient Siberia: A Study in the Ecology of Belief.   Leiden Brill Same Author 1995 The Art of the Scythians: The Interpenetration of Cultu-res at the Edge of the Hellenic World. [Especially: Figures 4, 58, 59, 94, 101, 141, 142, 143].   Leiden Brill Jettmar, Karl 1964 Die frühen Steppenvölker. Der eurasiatische Tierstil.   Baden- Baden Holle Verlag Same Author 1967 Art of the Steppes. (German, 1964; Translated by Ann E. Keep). [Especially: Plates 2, 7, 33, 40, 42; Figure 111].   New York Greystone Press Kondakov, Nikodim Pavlovich (De facto; Published under the lead author-ship of Count Tolstoy, Ivan Ivanovich) 1889- 1890 Русские древности в памятниках искусства. (Art of the Russian Antiquity). Выпуск I: Классические древ-ности Южной России. (Issue I: Classical Antiquities of the South Russia, 1889). [Especially: Figures 36, 44, 53, 75, 91, 95, 108, 114, 117]; Выпуск II: Древности скифо-сармат-ские. (Issue II: Scytho-Sarmatian Antiquities, 1889). [Espe-cially: Figures 65, 86, 97, 98, 99, 103, 125]; Выпуск III: Древ-ности времен переселения народов. (Issue III: Antiquities of the Migration Period, 1890). [Especially: Figures 19, 21, 54, 55, 57, 58, 68, 93, 94].   St.Peters-burg Tipografia Ministerstva Putey Soobshcheniya Korenyako, Vladimir Aleksandrovich 2002 Искусство народов Центральной Азии и звери-ный стиль. (Art of Central Asia and the Animal Style). [Especially: Figures V-XXXIII, L-LIV].   Moscow Vostochnaya Literatura Korol'kova, Elena Fyodorovna 2006 Звериный стиль Евразии. Искусство племён Нижне-го Поволжья и Южного Приуралья в скифскую эпоху (VII-IV вв. до н.э.). Проблемы стиля и этно-культурной принадлежности. (The Animal Style of Eurasia: Art of the Lower Volga and South Urals Tribes in Scythian Epoch (7-4 centuries BC). Problems of Style and Ethnocultural Affilia-tion).   St.Peters-burg Peterburgskoe Vostokovedenie Koshelenko, Gennadiy Andreevich, Irina Timofeevna Kruglikova, and V.S. Dolgorukov, eds. 1984 Античные государства Северного Причерномо- рья. Археология СССР. Том IХ. (Ancient States of the Northern Black Sea Region. Archaeology of the USSR. Volu-me IX). [Especially: Colour Plates: III.4, VI.3; Plates II.13, III.22, V.5, XXXVI.12, XLII.4, LXXII.2, LXXVII.28, LXXVII.29, LXXXI.14, LXXXI.33, XCIII.4, XCIII.6, CI.2, CI.4, CI.6, CII.1, CV.8, CX.4, CXII.5, CXIX.2, CXIX.3, CXXI.3, CXXII.4, CXXVI.3, CXXVI.4, CXXVII.4, CXXXIII.5, CXLV.3, CLVII.34, CLXVI.1, CLXVI.19, CLXVII.4, CLXVII.23].   Moscow Nauka Lelekov, Leonid Arkadievich 1976 Наследие звериного стиля в искусстве средне- вековья и Древней Руси. (The Legacy of Animal Style in the Art of the Middle Ages and Ancient Russia). In Melyu-kova, Anna Ivanovna and Marina Glebovna Moshkova, eds., Скифо-сибирский звериный стиль в искусстве народов Евразии. (Scytho-Siberian Animal Style in the Art of Eura-sia), 1976, pp. 258-270. [Especially: Figures 1.5, 2.1, 2.2, 2.4].   Moscow Nauka Leskov, Aleksandr Mikhailovich and Valeriy Leonidovich Lapushnyan, eds. 1987 Шедевры древнего искусства Кубани. (Art Treasu-res of Ancient Kuban). [Especially: Plates XV, XVI; Figures 38, 51, 52, 79; Catalogue №s 82, 101, 132, 134, 230].   Moscow Ministerstvo Kul'tury SSSR Littleton, C. Scott 1979 The Holy Grail, the Cauldron of Annwn, and the Nartyamonga: A Further Note on the Sarmatian Con-nection.   The Journal of American Folklore, Volume 92, Number 365, July-Sep-tember 1979, pp. 326-333 Littleton, C. Scott and Ann C. Thomas 1978 The Sarmatian Connection: New Light on the Origin of the Arthurian and Holy Grail Legends.   The Journal of American Folklore, Volume 91, Number 359, January-March 1978, pp. 513-527 Littleton, C. Scott and Linda A. Malcor 2000 From Scythia to Camelot: A Radical Reassessment of the Legends of King Arthur, the Knights of the Round Table, and the Holy Grail.   New York Routledge Martynov, Anatoliy Ivanovich and Vyacheslav Ivanovich Molodin, eds. 1987 Скифо-сибирский мир: искусство и идеология. (The Scytho-Siberian World: Art and Ideology).   Novosibirsk Nauka Melyukova, Anna Ivanovna, ed. 1989 Степи европейской части СССР в скифо-сармат-ское время. Археология СССР. Том Х. (Steppes of the European Part of the USSR in the Scytho-Sarmatian Period. Archaeology of the USSR. Volume X). [Especially: Plates 32.13a, 37.15, 38.8, 40.18, 42.42, 64.5, 70.65, 102.45].   Moscow Nauka Melyukova, Anna Ivanovna and Marina Glebovna Moshkova, eds. 1976 Скифо-сибирский звериный стиль в искусстве народов Евразии. (Scytho-Siberian Animal Style in the Art of Eurasia).   Moscow Nauka Minns, Ellis Hovell 1913 Scythians and Greeks: A Survey of Ancient History and Archaeology on the North Coast of the Euxine from Danube to the Caucasus. (2010: Reprint edition: Cambridge Univer-sity Press, Cambridge). [Especially: Figures 42, 54, 59, 88, 98, 99, 106, 111, 119, 146, 195, 200, 235, 237, 238, 276, 277, 278, 316, 318].   Cambridge Cambridge University Press Moshkova, Marina Glebovna, ed. 1992 Степная полоса Азиатской части СССР в скифо-сарматское время. Археология СССР. Том XI. (The Steppe Belt of the Asian Part of the USSR in the Scytho-Sar-matian Period. Archaeology of the USSR. Volume XI). [Espe-cially: Plates 68.19, 94.73, 97.33, 113.11].   Moscow Nauka Perevodchikova, Elena Vladimirovna 1994 Язык звериных образов: Очерки искусства Евразий-ских степей скифской эпохи. (The Language of Animal Images: Selected Essays on the Art of Eurasian Steppes of the Scythian Epoch). [Especially: Figure 20.7].   Moscow Vostochnaya Literatura Piotrovskiy, Boris Borisovich 1975 From the Lands of the Scythians: Ancient Treasures from the Museums of the USSR, 3000 BC-100 BC. [Especial-ly: Plates 11.2, 14.2, 16, 20, 22.1, 30.1; Catalogue №s 46, 85].   New York Metropolitan Museum of Art Same Author 1986 Scythian Art: The Legacy of The Scythian World: Mid-7th to 3rd Century BC.   Leningrad Aurora Raevskiy, Dmitriy Sergeevich 1977 Очерки идеологии скифо-сакских племён. Опыт реконструкции скифской мифологии. (Selected Essays on Ideology of the Scytho-Sakian Tribes. Attempt of the Recon-struction of Scythian Mythology).   Moscow Nauka Same Author 1985 Модель мира скифской культуры. Проблемы миро-воззрения ираноязычных народов евразийских степей I тыс. до н.э. (The World Model of Scythian Culture. World-view of the Iranian-Speaking Peoples of the Eurasian Step-pes in the First Millenium BC).   Moscow Nauka Same Author 1993 Scythian Mythology. (Russian, 1985; Translated by Ne-dyalka Chakalova). [Especially: Figures 3, 4, 6, 7, 55, 66, 67].   Sofia Secor Same Author 2006 Мир скифской культуры. (The Universe of Scythian Culture). [Especially: Очерки идеологии скифо-сакских пле- мён. Опыт реконструкции скифской мифологии. (Selec-ted Essays on Ideology of the Scytho-Sakian Tribes. Attempt of the Reconstruction of Scythian Mythology), Глава I: Скифская генеалогическая легенда. (Chapter I: Scythian Genealogical Legend), pp. 35-105; Дополнение I: Таргитай и Траетаона. (Addendum I: Targitay and Traetaona), pp. 106-112].   Moscow Yazyki Slavyanskikh Kul'tur Reeder, Ellen D., ed. 1999 Scythian Gold: Treasures from Ancient Ukraine. [Especi-ally: Catalogue №s 50, 74, 121, 143, 154].   New York Harry N. Abrams Rostovtzeff, Mikhail Ivanovich 1918 Эллинство и иранство на юге России. (Hellenism and Iranism in South Russia).   Petrograd Ogni Same Author 1922 Iranians and Greeks in South Russia. (1918, Russian; Translated (partially) by J.D. Beazley). [Especially: Plates XIII.D, XIV, XV.1].   Oxford Clarendon Press Same Author 1929 The Animal Style in South Russia and China. (1975: Reprint edition: Hacker Art Books, New York).   Princeton Princeton University Press Rudenko Sergey Ivanovich (with N.M. Rudenko) 1949 Искусство скифов Алтая. (Art of the Altay Scythians). [Especially: Figure 21].   Moscow Izadetl'stvo Gosudar-stvennogo Muzeya Izo-brazitel'nykh Iskusstv imeni A.S. Pushkina Same Author 1952 Горноалтайские находки и скифы. (The Gorno-Al-tay Findings and the Scythians). [Especially: Figure 123a].   Moscow Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR Same Author 1953 Культура населения Горного Алтая в скифское время. (Culture of the Gorno-Altay in the Scythian Period). [Especially: Figure 167].   Moscow Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR Same Author 1961 Искусство Алтая и Передней Азии (середина I ты-сячелетия до н.э.). (Art of the Altay and the Near East, Mid-dle of the First Millenium BC).   Moscow Izdatel'stvo Vostochnoy Literatury Same Author 1962 Сибирская коллекция Петра I. (Siberian Collection of Peter the Great). [Especially: Figure 1; Plates I.1, II.2, II.9, IX.1, IX.2, IX.6, IX.7, IX.8, XII.4, XII.5, XXV.2, XXV.3, XXV.4, XXV.5].   Moscow Nauka Same Author 1970 Frozen Tombs of Siberia: The Pazyryk Burials of Iron Age Horsemen. (Russian, 1953; Translated by M.W. Thompson).   Berkeley University of California Press Sarianidi, Viktor Ivanovich 1985 Золото Бактрии. (Bactrian Gold).   Leningrad Aurora Same Author 1985 The Golden Hoard of Bactria: From the Tillya-tepe Ex-cavations in Northern Afghanistan. (Russian, 1985; Tran-slated by Arthur Shkarovsky-Raffé). [Especially: Plates 44, 45, 46, 47, 81, 82, 84, 98, 111, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 166; Catalo-gue №s 2.7, 3.1, 3.60, 4.4, 4.8, 4.9, 4.34].   New York Harry N. Abrams Skalon, Kira Mikhailovna 1962 Изображение дракона в искусстве IV-V веков. (The Image of the Dragon in the Art of the IV-V Centuries). [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4].   Soobshcheniya Gosudarstvennogo Ermitazha, Volume 22, 1962, pp. 40-43 Smirnov, Konstantin Fyodorovich 1961 Вооружение савроматов. (Sauromatian Armaments). [Especially: Plates 16А.5-17, 21Б.23].   Moscow Izdatel'stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR Same Author 1976 Савромато-сарматский звериный стиль. (Sauro-mato-Scythian Animal Style). In Melyukova, Anna Ivanovna and Marina Glebovna Moshkova, eds., Скифо-сибирский зве-риный стиль в искусстве народов Евразии. (Scytho-Sibe-rian Animal Style in the Art of Eurasia), 1976, pp. 74-89. [Especially: Figure 7.1].   Moscow Nauka Sulimirski, Tadeusz 1970 The Sarmatians. [Especially: Figures 6, 13, 74; Plates 4, 45, 46, 53].   New York Praeger Publishers Talbot Rice, Tamara 1957 The Scythians. [Especially: Plates 1, 13].   New York Frederick A. Praeger Ustinova, Yulia 2005 Snake-Limbed and Tendril-Limbed Goddesses in the Art and Mythology of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. In Braund, David, ed., Scythians and Greeks: Cultural Inter-actions in Scythia, Athens and the Early Roman Empire (Sixth Century BC to First Century AD), 2005, pp. 64-79, 194-200. [Especially: Figures 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5].   Exeter Exeter University Press Wadge, Richard 1987 King Arthur: A British or Sarmatian Tradition?   Folklore, Volume 98, Number 2359, 1987, pp. 204-215 Yakovenko, Eleonora Viktorovna 1976 Предметы звериного стиля в раннескифских па- мятниках Крыма. (Animal Style Artefacts in the Early-Scythian Monuments of Crimea). In Melyukova, Anna Iva-novna and Marina Glebovna Moshkova, eds., Скифо-сибир-ский звериный стиль в искусстве народов Евразии. (Scy-tho-Siberian Animal Style in the Art of Eurasia), 1976, pp. 128-137. [Especially: Figure 10].   Moscow Nauka ⯅ Seminal Works ⯅ Comparative & General Studies ⯅ Greco-Roman World ⯅ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯅ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯅ Egypt ⯅ Biblical Tradition ⯅ Arabia & Early Islam ⯅ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯅ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯆ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯆ China, Korea & Japan « ● INDIA, TIBET, SRI LANKA & SOUTHEAST ASIA ● » Albanese, Marilia 2001 India: Treasures from an Ancient World. [Especially: Figu-res on pp. 2-3, 34 top, 42, 47, 49, 50, 62, 63 right, 64, 65 bot-tom, 67 bottom, 74-75, 76, 84-85, 102-103, 126-127, 132-133, 133 bottom, 142 centre, 142 bottom, 148-149, 148 bottom, 154 top left, 159, 160 bottom right, 174 centre, 179 top, 184 top left, 188 top, 188-189, 189 top, 194 bottom, 203 bottom right, 207 top, 214 left, 215, 217 top, 217 centre right, 217 centre bot-tom, 220 bottom, 226 top, 229 right, 236 bottom right, 237, 242 bottom, 244 centre, 244 bottom, 250 top, 253 centre, 268-269, 280 top]. Vercelli White Star Same Author 2006 Angkor: Splendors of the Khmer Civilization. [Especially: Figures on pp. 4-5, 38, 39, 48-49, 58-59, 68 left, 80, 81, 82, 88, 92-93, 98-99 bottom, 102-103, 106 bottom, 118, 119 right, 132 bottom, 138, 140-141, 145, 155, 175 bottom, 184 bottom left, 184 bottom right, 186, 187 bottom left, 187 bottom right, 188 bottom left, 188 bottom right, 193 top, 196-197, 202, 208 bottom, 210 bottom, 213 bottom, 236 bottom left, 244-245, 246-247, 247 bottom left, 252 top left, 252 top right, 252 bot-tom, 252-253, 257 bottom left, 258-259, 261 top, 274 bottom, 274-275, 276 top, 277 top, 277 bottom, 278-279, 279, 284 top, 284 bottom left, 288 center]. Vercelli White Star Beer, Robert 1999 The Encyclopedia of Tibetan Symbols and Motifs. [Especially: Plates 8, 40, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 56, 58, 64, 65, 71, 94, 106, 114, 118, 119, 120, 124, 128, 130, 132, 133, 134, 136, 137, 139, 164].   Boston Shambhala Behrendt, Kurt A. 2007 The Art of Gandhara in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. [Especially: Figures 11, 17; Catalogue №s 2, 4, 27, 38, 41, 42, 43, 44, 47].   New York The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bharatha Iyer, K. 1977 Animals in Indian Sculpture.   Bombay D.B. Taraporevala Sons & Company Bhattacharyya, Benoytosh 1924 The Indian Buddhist Iconography: Mainly Based on the Sadhanamala and Cognate Tantric Texts of Rituals. (1958: Second edition: Firma K.L. Mukhopadhyay, Calcutta; 2007: Reprint edition: Aryan Books International, New Delhi). [Especially: Plates VIIa, VIIc, VIId, VIIIb, VIIIc, VIIId, XXIIIb, XXXVIIc, XXXVIId, XXXVIIIa, XXXVIIIb, XXXVIIIc, XLIII.4].   Oxford Oxford University Press Bloss, Lowell W. 1973 The Buddha and the Naga: A Study in Buddhist Folk Re-ligiosity. [Especially: Figure 1].   History of Religions, Volume 13, Number 1, August 1973, pp. 36-53 Bunce, Fredrick William 1997 A Dictionary of Buddhist and Hindu Iconography - Illustrated - Objects, Devices, Concepts, Rites and Related Terms. [Especially: Figures 18, 21, 63, 76, 104, 205, 227, 264, 311, 437, 451, 452, 453, 458, 467, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 577, 652, 653, 654, 660, 694, 794, 802, 867].   New Delhi D.K. Printworld Coomaraswamy, Ananda Kentish 1928, 1931 Yaksas. Volumes I-II. (1971-2001: Reprint editions: Mun-shiram Manoharlal Publishers, New Delhi).   Washington Smithsonian Institution Freer Gallery of Art Same Author 1937 The Rape of a Nagi: An Indian Gupta Seal. Part I. [Especi-ally: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4].   Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts, Volume 35, Number 209, June 1937, pp. 38-41 Same Author 1937 The Rape of a Nagi: An Indian Gupta Seal. Part II.   Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts, Volume 35, Number 210, August 1937, pp. 56-57 Same Author 1993 Yaksas: Essays in the Water Cosmology.   New Delhi Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts Cozad, Laurie 2004 Sacred Snakes: Orthodox Images of Indian Snake Worship.   Aurora Davies Group Publishers Das, Indraneil 2003 Herpetology of an Antique Land: The History of Her-petological Explorations and Knowledge in India and South Asia.   Bonner Zoologische Beiträge, Volume 52, Number 3, 2003, pp. 215-229 Dehejia, Vidya 1997 Discourse in Early Buddhist Art: Visual Narratives of India. [Especially: Figures 31, 33, 37, 41, 55, 63, 79, 99, 101, 103, 106, 119, 120, 131, 132, 135, 144, 145, 149, 151, 152, 153, 156, 157, 158, 159, 170, 179, 188, 192, 210, 215, 224, 235, 236, 240].   New Delhi Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Dehejia, Vidya et al. 2006 Chola: Sacred Bronzes of Southern India. [Especially: Figu-res 15, 24; Catalogue №s 1, 2, 6, 21, 25, 26.4].   London Royal Academy of Arts Desai, Devangana 2009 Kurma Imagery in Indian Art and Culture. [Especially: Fi-gures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15].   Artibus Asiae, Volume 69, Number 2, 2009, pp. 317-333 Desai, Madhuri 1958 The Gupta Temple at Deogarh.   Bombay Bhulabbai Memorial Institute Duran, Jane 1990 The Nagaraja: Symbol and Symbolism in Hindu Art and Iconography.   Journal of Aesthetic Education, Vo-lume 24, Number 2, Summer 1990, pp. 37-47 Emeneau, M.B. 1960 Nāgapāśa, Nāgabandha, Sarpabandha, and Related Words. [Especially: Figure 1].   Bulletin of the Deccan College Re-search Institute, Volume 20, Number 1/4, 1960, pp. 291-300 Fergusson, James 1868 Tree and Serpent Worship or Illustrations of Mythology and Art in India in the First and Fourth Centuries After Christ. From the Sculptures of the Buddhist Topes at Sanchi and Amravati. (1873: Second edition: India Museum and W.H. Allen & Company, London; 1971: Reprint edition: Indological Books House, Varanasi; 2004: Reprint edition: Asian Educational Services, New Delhi).   London India Museum and W.H. Allen & Company Ganvir, Shrikant 2010 Representation of Naga in the Buddhist Art of Ama-ravati: A Sculptural Analysis.   Proceedings of the Indian History Con-gress, Volume 71, 2010, pp. 1063-1071 Gorakshakar, Sadashiv, ed. 1979 Animals in Indian Art.   Bombay Prince of Wales Muse-um of Western India Gupta, Karunakana 1939 The Nagas and the Naga Cult in Ancient Indian History.   Proceedings of the Indian History Con-gress, Volume 3, 1939, pp. 214-229 Handa, O.C. 2004 Naga Cults and Traditions in the Western Himalaya.   New Delhi Indus Publishing Company Härtel, Herbert 1976 Aspects of Early Naga Cult in India. [Especially: Figu-res 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19].   Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, Volume 124, Number 5243, October 1976, pp. 663-683 Heller, Amy 1999 Tibetan Art: Tracing the Development of Spiritual Ideals and Art in Tibet 600-2000 AD. [Especially: Figures 13, 50, 53, 78, 102, 104, 111, 121, 122, 137; Plates 15, 24, 56, 57, 58, 60, 64, 67, 68, 73, 74, 78, 79, 80, 86, 87, 88, 91, 92, 99, 100, 107, 110, 113, 118, 122].   Milan Editoriale Jaca Book Hooykaas, Jacoba 1956 The Rainbow in Ancient Indonesian Religion.   Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Vol-kenkunde, Volume 1112, Number 3, 1956, pp. 291-322 Huntington, Susan L. and John C. Huntington 1985 The Art of Ancient India: Buddhist, Hindu, Jain. (2001-2006: Reprint editions: Weatherhill, Boston). [Especially: Fi-gures 2.14, 4.6, 4.8, 5.7, 5.8, 5.12, 7.2, 8.3, 8.21, 8.23, 9.15, 9.17, 9.18, 10.3, 10.4, 10.8, 10.13, 10.28, 10.29, 10.37, 11.14, 11.15, 12.5, 12.10, 12.11, 12.24, 12.25, 12.26, 12.29, 13.7, 13.8, 13.11, 13.17, 13.18, 14.6, 14.9, 15.11, 15.26, 17.24, 18.6, 18.7, 18.8, 18.17, 18.23, 18.27, 18.31, 18.32, 19.8, 19.12, 19.15, 19.31, 19.32, 20.2, 20.3, 20.4, 20.29, 20.30, 21.34, 21.35, 24.2, 25.14; Plates 11, 14, 18, 20, 21, 22].   Boston Weatherhill Jackson, David P. 1999 Some Karma Kagyupa Paintings in the Rubin Collecti-ons. In Rhie, Marylin M. and Robert A.F. Thurman, Worlds of Transformation: Tibetan Art of Wisdom and Compassion, 1999, pp. 75-127. [Especially: Figures 1, 11, 15, 22, 23, 24; Pla-tes 2, 4, 8c].   New York Tibet House Jairazbhoy, R.A. 1978 More on the Serpent in India and in the Americas.   Current Anthropology, Volume 19, Number 2, June 1978, pp. 459-460 Jones, Gabriel 2010 Snakes, Sacrifice, and Sacrality in South Asian Reli-gion.   Ottawa Journal of Religion / La Re-vue des sciences des religions d'Otta-wa, Volume 2, 2010, pp. 89-119 Kennedy, J. 1891 The Nagas and Serpent-Worshippers in India.   Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, July 1891, pp. 480-482 Keny, L.B. 1948 The Image of Narayana. [Especially: Figures D, E, F, H, K].   Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Volume 29, Num-ber 1/4, 1948, pp. 213-226 Knipe, David M. 1967 The Heroic Theft: Myths from Rgveda IV and the Ancient Near East.   History of Religions, Volume 6, Num-ber 4, May 1967, pp. 328-360 Krishan, Y. 1994 Evolution of Ganesa.   East and West, Volume 44, Number 2/4, December 1994, pp. 293-314 Krishna, Nanditha 2010 Sacred Animals of India. (2014: Reprint edition: Penguin Books India, New Delhi).   New Delhi Penguin Books India Krishna Murthy, Konakondla 1985 Mythical Animals in Indian Art.   New Delhi Abhinav Publications Lubotsky, Alexander 1996 The Iconography of the Visnu Temple at Deogarh and the Visnudharmottarapurana. [Especially: Figures 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11].   Ars Orientalis, Volume 26, 1996, pp. 65-80 Marcus, Margaret F. 1965 Buddha Sheltered by Mucalinda. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9].   The Bulletin of the Cleveland Muse-um of Art, Volume 52, Number 7, September 1965, pp. 185-193 Same Author 1966 Buddha Sheltered by Mucalinda (Cleveland Museum of Art). [Especially: Figures 64, 65].   The Burlington Magazine, Volume 108, Number 758, May 1966, pp. 258-263 Mate, M.S. 2012 Riddle of the "Nagas".   Bulletin of the Deccan College Re-search Institute, Volume 72/73, 2012/2013, pp. 331-335 McEvilley, Thomas 1993 The Spinal Serpent. [Especially: Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 12, 14].   RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics, Number 24, Autumn 1993, pp. 67-77 Mehta, R.N. 1956 Two Anthropomorphic Naga Figures from Gujarat.   Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 1956, pp. 160-165 Misra, Ram Nath 1981 Yaksha Cult and Iconography.   New Delhi Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Moor, Edward 1810 The Hindu Pantheon. (1864: Reprint edition: J. Higgin-botham, Madras; 1968: Reprint edition: Indological Book House, Varanasi; 1999: Reprint edition: Philosophical Re-search Society, Los Angeles; 2002: Reprint edition: Cosmo Publications, New Delhi; 2006: Reprint edition as Hindu Gods and Goddesses: 300 Illustrations from "The Hindu Pantheon": Dover Publications, Mineola). [Especially: Fron-tispiece; Plates 6.1, 7 top, 8.1, 9.1, 12 left, 13 top, 13 bottom left, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20 top, 21 bottom, 24.1, 24.2, 26.1, 27, 28, 33 bottom, 34.1, 37.4, 38.5, 44.2, 45 top, 47 bottom, 48.1, 48.2, 49, 58, 60.5, 60.7, 60.9, 62, 64 bottom, 70.4, 72, 73.2, 75.1, 75.3, 76 bottom, 84 top right, 84 bottom right, 85.1, 85.3, 85.6, 86.1, 86.2, 91.1, 92.1, 92.4, 92.5, 93 bottom, 94.2, 96, 97, 102, 104].   London Printed for J. Johnson by T. Bensley Nair, G. Ravindran 1993 Snake Worship in India.   New Delhi Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India Oldham, C.F. 1891 Serpent-Worship in India.   Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, July 1891, pp. 361-392 Same Author 1901 The Nagas: A Contribution to the History of Serpent-Wor-ship. [Especially: Figures following pp. 462, 464].   Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, July 1901, pp. 461-473 Panda, Sasanka Sekhar 2004 Nagas in the Sculptural Decorations of Early West Orissian Temples. [Especially: Plates 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27].   Odisha Historical Research Journal (OHRJ), Volume XLVII, Number 1, 2004, pp. 16-37 Perry, Rita 2014 Von Ganymed zur Nagakönigin: Gedanken zum Frag-ment einer Gandharaskulptur in deutschem Privatbesitz.   Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Morgen-ländischen Gesellschaft, Volume 164, Number 1, 2014, pp. 179-206 Pradhan, Biswajit 2001 The History of Naga Cult and Naga Festivals in Orissa.   Proceedings of the Indian History Con-gress, Volume 62, 2001, pp. 149-159 Prakash, Buddha 1949 Vrtra [A Study in the Impact of the Aryans on Indian Culture].   Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Re-search Institute, Volume 30, Number 3/4, July-October 1949, pp. 163-214 Rawson, Philip S. 1973 The Art of Tantra. (1978: Revised edition: Thames & Hud-son, London; 1988: Reprint edition: Thames & Hudson, Lon-don). [Especially: Figures 38, 48, 49, 75, 76, 77, 78, 84, 86, 91, 93, 100, 102, 104, 113, 114, 115, 116, 125, 131, 133, 139, 141, 144, 167].   London Thames & Hudson Rhi, Juhyung 2009 The Garuda and the Nagi/Naga in the Headdresses of Gandharan Bodhisattvas: Locating Textual Parallels. [Espe-cially: Figures 1, 2, 3].   Bulletin of the Asia Institute, Volume 23, 2009, pp. 147-158 Rhie, Marylin M. and Robert A.F. Thurman 1991 Wisdom and Compassion: The Sacred Art of Tibet. [Es-pecially: Figures 2, 14; Catalogue №s 1, 3, 3.2, 4, 4.1, 10, 13, 13.1, 18, 23, 24, 24.2, 33, 33.1, 41, 42, 43, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58, 58.1, 58.2, 66, 90, 93, 97, 97.2, 99, 104, 104.1, 105, 105.1, 111, 112, 115, 122.2, 122.3, 128, 129, 129.1, 133, 133.1, 149, 151].   New York Harry N. Abrams Same Authors 1999 Worlds of Transformation: Tibetan Art of Wisdom and Compassion. [Especially: Figures 5, 9; 1, 6, 14, 27; Catalogue №s 1, 1.1, 3, 7, 8, 10, 26, 30, 38, 39, 40, 45, 47, 50, 57, 61, 64, 67, 69, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 82, 91, 92, 95, 97, 98, 106, 120, 122, 124, 125, 133, 134, 136, 138, 139, 141, 144, 146, 147, 149, 156, 161, 164, 166, 166.1, 168, 173, 173.1, 177, 178, 180, 183, 190, 193].   New York Tibet House Rowland, Benjamin 1936 Amaravati Sculpture. [Especially: Figures 1b, 2, 3].   Bulletin of the Fogg Art Museum, Vo-lume 6, Number 1, November 1936, pp. 2-7 Sahi, Jyoti 1980 The Child and the Serpent: Reflections on Popular Indian Symbols. (1990: Reprint edition: Arkana Publishing, London).   London Routledge & Kegan Paul Sankalia, H.D. 1940 Jaina Yaksas and Yaksinis. [Especially: Figure 1].   Bulletin of the Deccan College Re-search Institute, Volume 1, Number 2/4, March 1940, pp. 157-168 Scheible, Kristin 2016 Reading the Mahavamsa: The Literary Aims of a Thera-vada Buddhist History. [Especially: Chapter 3: Nagas, Transfigured Figures Inside the Text, Ruminative Triggers Outside, pp. 67-93].   New York Columbia University Press Scheurleer, Pauline Lunsingh 2009 The Javanese Statue of Garuda Carrying Wisnu and Candi Kidal. [Especially: Figures 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, 12].   Artibus Asiae, Volume 69, Number 1, 2009, pp. 189-218 Sen, Asis 1972 Animal Motifs in Ancient Indian Art.   Calcutta Firma K.L. Mukho- padhyay Sharrock, Peter D. 2012 Serpents and Buddhas. In Tjoa-Bonatz, Mai Lin, Andreas Reinecke, and Dominik Bonatz, eds., Connecting Empires and States: Selected Papers from the 13th International Con-ference of the European Association of Southeast Asian Ar-chaeologists, 2012, pp. 118-126.   Singapore NUS Press Shaw, Julia 2004 Naga Sculptures in Sanchi's Archaeological Land-scape: Buddhism, Vaisnavism, and Local Agricultural Cults in Central India, First Century BCE to Fifth Century CE. [Es-pecially: Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35].   Artibus Asiae, Volume 64, Number 1, 2004, pp. 5-59 Shendge, Malati J. 1995 The Primordiality of Siva: Some New Linguistic Eviden-ce. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3].   Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Volume 76, Num-ber 1/4, 1995, pp. 119-128 Snead, Stella, Wendy Doniger, and George Michel 1989 Animals in Four Worlds: Sculptures from India.   Chicago The University of Chicago Press Spagnoli, Maria Mariottini 1967 The Symbolic Meaning of the Club in the Iconography of the Kusana Kings. [Especially: Figures 1, 17].   East and West, Volume 17, Number 3/4, September-December 1967, pp. 248-267 Sutherland, Gail Hinich 1991 The Disguises of the Demon: The Development of the Yaksa in Hinduism and Buddhism.   Albany State Iniversity of New York Press Topsfield, Andrew 2006 Snakes and Ladders in India: Some Further Discoveries. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15].   Artibus Asiae, Volume 66, Number 1, 2006, pp. 143-179 van den Hoek, Bert and Balgopal Shrestha 1992 The Sacrifice of Serpents: Exchange and Non-Exchange in the Sarpabali of Indrayani, Kathmandu.   Bulletin de l'École française d’Extrê-me-Orient, Volume 79, Number 1, 1992, pp. 57-75 van der Geer, Alexandra Anna Enrica 2008 Animals in Stone: Indian Mammals Sculptured through Time.   Leiden Brill Vecchia, Stefano 2007 The Khmers: History and Treasures of an Ancient Civiliza-tion. [Especially: Figures on pp. 8-9, 18-19, 44-45, 48, 56-57, 58 top, 60, 62, 63 left, 63 center, 65, 69, 72 top, 72 bottom, 73, 78-79, 94, 97 bottom left, 97 bottom right, 99, 106-107, 113 bottom, 120-121, 120 bottom left, 120 bottom right, 121 top, 122-123, 143 right, 144, 150 bottom, 156 center, 156 bottom, 156-157, 162-163, 172 top, 176-177, 178-179, 188 left]. Vercelli White Star Williams, Joanna 1992 The Churning of the Ocean of Milk - Myth, Image and Ecology. [Especially: Figures following pp. 146, 149, 151] India International Centre Quarter-ly, Volume 19, Number 1/2, Spring-Summer 1992, pp. 145-155 ⯅ Seminal Works ⯅ Comparative & General Studies ⯅ Greco-Roman World ⯅ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯅ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯅ Egypt ⯅ Biblical Tradition ⯅ Arabia & Early Islam ⯅ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯅ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯅ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯆ China, Korea & Japan « ● CHINA, KOREA & JAPAN ● » Allan, Sarah 1991 Shape of the Turtle: The Myth, Art, and Cosmos in Early China. Albany State University of New York Press Barnhart, Richard M. et al 1997 Three Thousand Years of Chinese Painting. [Especi-ally: Figures 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 28]. New Haven Yale University Press Bates, Roy 2002 Chinese Dragons. (2007: Reprint edition as All About Chinese Dragons: China History Press, Beijing). Oxford Oxford University Press Birell, Anne, tr. 1999 The Classic of Mountains and Seas.   London Penguin Books Carr Michael Edward 1979 A Linguistic Study of the Flora and Fauna Sections of the Erh-ya. PhD Dissertation.   Tuscon University of Arizona Carter, Martha L. 2006 China and the Mysterious Occident: The Queen Mother of the West and Nana. [Especially: Figures 5, 7, 9, 10, 13].   Rivista degli studi orientali, Nuova Serie, Volume 79, Fascicle 1/4, 2006, pp. 97-129 Chang, K.C. 1981 The Animal in Shang and Chou Bronze Art. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6].   Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, Volume 41, Number 2, December 1981, pp. 527-554 Diény, Jean-Pierre 1987 Le symbolisme du dragon dans la Chine antique.   Paris Collége de France, Institut des hautes études chinoises Dittrich, Edith 1963 Das Motiv des Tierkampfes in der altchinesischen Kunst.   Weisbaden Otto Harrassovitz Döringer, Heide-Renate 2015 Chinesische Drachen: Mythen - Märchen - Legenden aus dem Reich der Mitte.   Norderstedt Books on Demand Faure, Bernard 2016 Gods of Medieval Japan. [Especially: Volume II. Protec-tors and Predators, Chapter 4: From Goddess to Dragon: Benzaiten, pp. 163-190; Chapter 5: From Dragon to Snake: Uga Benzaiten, pp. 191-234; Chapter 7: The Face of the Snake: Ugajin, pp. 269-298]. Honolulu University of Hawai'i Press Finsterbusch, Käte 1952 Das Verhältnis des Schan-hai-djing zur bildenden Kunst.   Berlin Akademie Verlag Green, Miranda J. Aldhouse 2001 Animal Iconographies: Metaphor, Meaning and Identity (or Why Chinese Dragons Don't Have Wings). In Davies, Gwyn, Andrew Gardner, and Kris Lockyear, eds., TRAC 2000: Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Theoretical Archaeology Conference, London 2000, 2001, pp. 80-93.   Havertown Oxbow Books Hayashi, Minao 1993 Ryu no hanashi: Zuzo kara toku nazo. (Dragon's Legends: Decoding from Images).   Tokyo Chuo Koronsha Hayes, Luther Newton 1922 The Chinese Dragon. (2012: Reprint 90-Year Anniversary edition: Kay Rubacek).   Shanghai Commercial Press Hentze, Carl 1965 Gods and Drinking Serpents. (Translated from the Ger-man by Joyce Adams). [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 29, 33, 34, 35, 38, 42, 43, 44, 45a, 45b, 46, 55a, 55b].   History of Religions, Volume 4, Num-ber 2, Winter 1965, pp. 179-208 James, Jean M. 1988 The Iconographic Program of the Wu Family Offe-ring Shrines (AD 151 - ca. 170). [Especially: Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21].   Artibus Asiae, Volume 49, Number 1/2, 1988, pp. 39-72 Kelley, C.F. 1930 A Chinese Buckle of the Han Dynasty. [Especially: Figure 1].   Bulletin of the Art Institute of Chica-go, Volume 24, Number 6, September 1930, p. 76 Leidy, Denise Patry and Donna Strahan 1994 Wisdom Embodied: Chinese Buddhist and Daoist Sculptu-re in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. [Especially: Figures 12, 62, 114, 115, 116, 118, 121, 122, 125, 129; Catalogue №s 8, 11, 15, 30, 45, A30].   New York The Metropolitan Museum of Art Lin, James C.S., ed. 2012 The Search for Immortality: Tomb Treasures of Han China. [Especially: Frontispiece; Figures on pp. xviii-xix, 9, 58, 76, 232-233; Figures 3, 7, 11b, 12, 17, 38, 45, 46, 73; Catalogue №s 19, 20C, 25, 26, 31, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, 83, 89, 93, 96, 109, 111, 112, 147, 154, 156A, 156B, 162, 164, 166, 168, 169, 170, 173, 173C, 173D, 173E, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178].   New Haven Yale University Press Liu, Cary Yee-wei et al. 2005 Recarving China's Past: Art, Archaeology, and Architec-ture of the "Wu Family Shrines". [Especially: Figures on p. 98, 1 on p. 101, 1 on p. 206, 4 on p. 214, 1 on p. 254, 1 on p. 256, 1b on p. 268, 2, 3 on p. 294, 4 on p. 295, 1 on p. 297, 1 on p. 319, 1 on p. 325, 2, 3 on p. 338, 1 on p. 355, 1 on p. 392, 2, 3 on p. 393, 2 on p. 398, 3, 4 on p. 399, 1, 3 on p. 443, on p. 484, 2 on p. 487, on p. 560; Catalogue №s 1.8, 1.9, 1.10, 1.11, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17, 1.18, 1.23, 1.24, 1.28, 1.29, 1.31, 1.32, 1.33, 1.34, 1.35, 1.37, 1.43, 1.45, 1.50, 7, 8, 17, 18, 20, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, 38, 40, 41, 42, 44, 54, 59].   New Haven Yale University Press Same Authors 2008 Rethinking Recarving: Ideals, Practices, and Problems of the "Wu Family Shrines" and Han China. [Especially: Figures 9 on p. 40, 4, 5 on p. 81, 8 on p. 83, 13 on p. 86, 14 on p. 89, 4, 5, 6 on p. 114, 7, 8, 10 on p. 115, 11 on p. 116, 30 on p. 126, 11 on p. 140, 12 on p. 141, 21 on p. 148, 32A on p. 154].   New Haven Yale University Press Liu, Xingzhen and Yue Fengxia 1991 Han Dynasty Stone Reliefs: The Wu Family Shrines in Shandong Province. (Translated from the Chinese by Ouyang Caiwei). [Especially: Figures on pp. 16, 17, 32, 33, 41, 51, 53, 54, 55, 67, 75, 77, 78, 81, 92, 100, 102, 103, 104, 125, 128, 129, 130, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141].   Beijing Foreign Languages Press Liu, Zhixiong and Yang Jingrong 1992 Long yu Zhongguo wenhua. (The Dragon and Chinese Culture).   Beijing Renmin University of China Lopes, Rui Oliveira 2014 Securing the Harmony between the High and the Low: Power Animals and Symbols of Political Authority in Ancient Chinese Jades and Bronzes.   Asian Perspectives, Volume 53, Num-ber 2, Fall 2014, pp. 195-225 Ma, Changyi 2001 Gu ben Shanhaijing tu shuo. (The Classic of Mountains and Seas: Ancient Illustrations with Annotations). [In Chinese].   Jinan Shandong Huabao Chubanshe Maeth Ch., Russell 1990 The Tale of Zhou Chu: An Early Medieval Sino-Tibetan Precursor of Beowulf? In Lorenzen, David N., ed., Studies on Asia and Africa from Latin America, 1990, pp. 59-70.   México, D.F. El Colegio de Mexico Michaelson, Carol 1999 Gilded Dragons: Buried Treasures from China's Golden Ages.   London British Museum Press Nickel, Helmut 1991 The Dragon and the Pearl. [Especially: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9].   Metropolitan Museum Journal, Vo-lume 26, 1991, pp. 139-146 Pirazzoli-t'Serstevens, Michèle 1982 La Chine des Han. [For the selection of relevant figures see the English edition, 1982].   Fribourg Office du Livre Same Author 1982 The Han Dynasty. (1982, French; Translated by Janet Se-ligman). [Especially: Figures 11, 21, 23, 27, 38, 39, 57, 75, 85, 87, 101, 105, 120, 128, 139, 140, 146, 147, 150, 152].   New York Rizzoli Scarpari, Maurizio 2000 Ancient China: Chinese Civilization from its Origins to the Tang Dynasty. [Especially: Figures on pp. 6, 7, 26, 35 top, 54-55 top, 69 bottom, 88 top, 89 bottom, 90, 98-99 top, 100 top, 104, 105, 122 bottom left, 124 bottom left, 124-125 top, 124-125 bottom, 127 bottom, 131 top, 135 left, 135 right, 136-137, 137 top left, 140 bottom, 146 top, 149 top, 162 top, 166, 177 top right, 177 bottom centre, 181 centre, 181 bottom, 182 top, 183 right, 184 top, 186 bottom, 190 bottom, 191 top, 191 bottom, 192 top left, 194-195, 195 bottom, 199 top right, 199 bottom, 200 centre, 200 bottom, 201 top, 206, 212 bottom, 212-213, 214-215, 220-221, 221 bottom, 238 top, 238-239].   Vercelli VMB Publishers Schaefer, Edward Hetzel 1980 The Divine Woman: Dragon Ladies and Rain Maidens in T'ang Literature.   San Fran- cisco North Point Press Schiffeler, John William 1978 The Legendary Creatures of the Shan Hai Ching. Vo-lumes I-II.   Taipei Hwa Kang Press Silbergeld, Jerome and Eugene Y. Wang, eds. 2016 The Zoomorphic Imagination in Chinese Art and Cul-ture.   Honolulu University of Hawai'i Press Sterckx, Roel 2002 The Animal and the Daemon in Early China.   Albany State University of New York Press Strassberg, Richard E., ed., tr. 2002 A Chinese Bestiary: Strange Creatures from the Guide-ways through Mountains and Seas [Shan Hai Jing].   Berkeley University of California Press Watson, William 1995 The Arts of China to AD 900. [Especially: Figures 36, 37, 41, 42, 45, 48, 49, 52, 60, 62, 66, 68, 74, 81, 85, 89, 90, 92, 94, 95, 101, 107, 108, 110, 112, 115, 122, 123, 134, 144, 147, 153, 161, 164, 165, 167, 251, 253, 257, 259, 297, 315, 379, 387].   New Haven Yale University Press Weber, Charles D. 1966 Chinese Pictorial Bronze Vessels of the Late Chou Pe-riod: Part I. [Especially: Figures 1, 3, 9b, 9e, 10a, 10b, 10d, 10e, 10f, 10g, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11f, 11g, 11j, 11l, 11m, 11n, 11o, 12a, 13a, 13b, 13f, 15a, 15b, 15e, 15f, 16g, 16h, 16i, 16j, 16k, 16l, 16m, 16n, 16o, 16p, 16q, 16s, 16t, 16u, 16v, 16dd, 16ee, 16ff, 18a-k, 19a-g].   Artibus Asiae, Volume 28, Number 2/3, 1966, pp. 107-154 Same Author 1966 Chinese Pictorial Bronze Vessels of the Late Chou Pe-riod: Part II. [Especially: Figures 23a, 24b, 24h, 26f, 27a, 28k].   Artibus Asiae, Volume 28, Number 4, 1966, pp. 271-311 Same Author 1967 Chinese Pictorial Bronze Vessels of the Late Chou Pe-riod: Part III. [Especially: Figures 32, 33, 36c, 37a, 37b, 37c, 42a, 42c, 43b, 43c, 44c, 44d, 45a, 45b, 45c, 45d, 46c, 46e, 46i, 46j, 46k, 46l, 47d, 48f, 49a, 49b, 49c, 49d, 49e, 49f, 49i, 49j, 49k, 50h, 50k, 50q, 50v].   Artibus Asiae, Volume 29, Number 2/3, 1967, pp. 115-192 Same Author 1968 Chinese Pictorial Bronze Vessels of the Late Chou Pe-riod: Part IV. [Especially: Figures 64c, 64f, 65a, 65d, 71b, 71d, 71e, 71f, 71g, 71h, 71k, 71n, 71q, 71r, 74a, 74i, 74j, 74k, 74m, 79a, 79b, 79c, 79d, 79e, 79f, 79g, 79h, 79i, 79j, 79v, 79x, 79y].   Artibus Asiae, Volume 30, Number 2/3, 1968, pp. 145-236 Yang, Xu Fei, Yang Yun Jing, and Li Guo Xin 2014 Zhongguo Hanhua zaoxing yishu tudian. (Chinese Han Dynasty Art Encyclopedia). Volume I: People; Volume II: Dragons; Volume III: Animals; Volume IV: Ornaments; Vo-lume V: Auspices; Volume VI: Gods; Volume VII: Equipment; Volume VIII: Buildings.   Zhengzhou Elephant Press Zhang, Yu Huan and Ken Rose 1995 Who Can Ride the Dragon? An Exploration of the Cultu-ral Roots of Traditional Chinese Medicine.   Taos Paradigm Publications ⯅ Seminal Works ⯅ Comparative & General Studies ⯅ Greco-Roman World ⯅ Ancient & Medieval European Paganism ⯅ Anatolia, Levant & Mesopotamia ⯅ Egypt ⯅ Biblical Tradition ⯅ Arabia & Early Islam ⯅ Iran, Caucasus & Central Asia ⯅ Great Steppe & Eurasian Nomads ⯅ India, Tibet, Sri Lan-ka & Southeast Asia ⯅ China, Korea & Japan

Note(s): (1) The list of references includes monographs, collections of essays, PhD dissertations, and articles in academic journals. (2) Many of the listed publications have extensive bibliographic entries, which can be used for further inquiry. (3) The full lists of the printed publications that provided the source-images and are focused on a particular artistic medium or object function are provided in the bibliographic sections of the respective volumes. (4) A minimalist approach is adopted for the descriptions of the bibliographic entries: in cases of multiple publishers or publishing locations, only the first entry from the full bibliographic description is listed. (5) In cases of modern reprints of important older works, the original publication is listed, with the information on the later edition(s), such as the date of reprint, publisher, and publishing location, placed inside parentheses. In cases of translated works, both the original and English versions are listed. (6) An idiosyncratic universal formatting of the English-language entries is employed: all nouns, pronouns, numerals, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, and some categories of determiners are capitalized.

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